Phosphorus Pentachloride
Structural Formula Vector Image
Title: Phosphorus Pentachloride
CAS Registry Number: 10026-13-8
Additional Names: Phosphoric chloride; phosphorus perchloride
Molecular Formula: Cl5P
Molecular Weight: 208.24
Percent Composition: Cl 85.13%, P 14.87%
Line Formula: PCl5
Literature References: Prepn: Maxson, Inorg. Synth. 1, 99 (1939). Review: Payne, "The Chemistry of Phosphorus Halides" in Topics in Phosphorus Chemistry Vol. 4, M. Grayson, E. J. Griffith, Eds. (Interscience, New York, 1967) pp 85-155.
Properties: White to pale yellow, fuming, deliquesc, cryst mass; pungent, unpleasant odor; attacks the eyes and mucous membranes. mp 148° under pressure; sublimes at about 100° without melting. bp 160°. Hydrolyzed by water to form phosphoric acid and hydrogen chloride. Reacts with alcohols (ROH) to form the corresponding chloride (RCl). Sol in carbon disulfide or tetrachloride. Keep in tightly closed containers and handle with caution. Corrosive.
Melting point: mp 148° under pressure
Boiling point: bp 160°
CAUTION: Potential symptoms of overexposure are irritation of eyes, skin and respiratory system; bronchitis; dermatitis. See NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS/NIOSH 97-140, 1997) p 256.
Use: As catalyst in manuf acetylcellulose; for replacing hydroxyl groups by Cl, particularly for converting acids into acid chlorides.

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