Acetone
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C3H6O 58.08

2-Propanone.
Acetone [67-64-1].
» Acetone contains not less than 99.0 percent of C3H6O, calculated on the anhydrous basis.
Caution—Acetone is very flammable. Do not use where it may be ignited.
Packaging and storage— Preserve in tight containers, remote from fire.
Add the following:
USP Reference standards 11
USP Acetone RS
.
USP Methyl Alcohol RS Click to View Structure
.NF27
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Identification—
B: The retention time of the major peak in the chromatogram of Acetone corresponds to that in the chromatogram of USP Acetone RS, as obtained in the Assay.NF27
Specific gravity 841: not more than 0.789.
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Water—
Standard preparation— Transfer 0.50 mL of water to a dry 100-mL volumetric flask, dilute with dehydrated isopropyl alcohol to volume, and mix.
Chromatographic system— Under typical conditions, the gas chromatograph is equipped with a thermal conductivity detector, maintained at about 250, and a 0.32-mm × 50-m capillary column coated with a 5.0-µm layer of support S2. The carrier gas is helium, flowing at a rate of 11 mL per minute, with a split rate of 50 mL per minute. The column is maintained at 100, then the temperature is increased at a rate of 25 per minute to 190. The injection port temperature is maintained at 250.NF27
Procedure— Inject about 1.0 µLNF27 of the Standard preparation into a suitable gas chromatograph, and determine the area under the water peak. Similarly inject about 1.0 µLNF27 of NF27 dehydrated isopropyl alcohol to provide a blank, and determine the area under the water peak. Identify the components based on their relative retention times, which are 1.0 for water, and about 1.9 for isopropyl alcohol.NF27 Similarly inject about 1.0 µLNF27 of Acetone. The area under the water peak for Acetone is not greater than that from the Standard preparation corrected for the area under the water peak in the blank chromatogram (0.5%).
Nonvolatile residue— Evaporate 50 mL in a tared porcelain dish on a steam bath, and dry at 105 for 1 hour: the weight of the residue does not exceed 2 mg (0.004%).
Readily oxidizable substances— Mix 20 mL with 0.10 mL of 0.10 N potassium permanganate in a glass-stoppered bottle: the permanganate color of the mixture does not completely disappear within 15 minutes.
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Assay—
System suitability solution— Dilute 1.0 mL of USP Methyl Alcohol RS and 1.0 mL of USP Acetone RS with tetrahydrofuran to 50 mL.
Chromatographic system (see Chromatography 621) The gas chromatograph is equipped with a flame-ionization detector, maintained at about 280, and a 0.32-mm × 30-m fused-silica capillary column coated with a 1.8-µm layer of phase G43. The carrier gas is helium with a linear velocity of about 35 cm per second and a split ratio of 1:400. The column is maintained at 40 for the first 5 minutes, then the temperature is increased at a rate of 20 per minute to 240. The injection port temperature is maintained at 200. Chromatograph the System suitability solution, and record the peak responses as directed for Procedure: the relative retention times are 1.0 for acetone, about 0.6 for methyl alcohol, and about 1.9 for tetrahydrofuran; and the resolution, R, between the methyl alcohol and acetone peaks is not less than 15.
Procedure— Inject a suitable volume, typically about 1 µL, of Acetone into the chromatograph, and record the chromatogram. Calculate the percentage of C3H6O in the portion of Acetone taken, on the anhydrous basis, by dividing the area under the acetone peak by the sum of the areas under all of the peaks, and multiplying by 100. [note—No separate correction is applied for water content, because water does not respond to the flame-ionization detector.]NF27
Auxiliary Information— Please check for your question in the FAQs before contacting USP.
Topic/Question Contact Expert Committee
Monograph Robert H. Lafaver, B.A.
Scientist
1-301-816-8335
(EM105) Excipient Monographs 1
Reference Standards Lili Wang, Technical Services Scientist
1-301-816-8129
RSTech@usp.org
USP32–NF27 Page 1152
Pharmacopeial Forum: Volume No. 34(1) Page 120
Chromatographic Column—
Chromatographic columns text is not derived from, and not part of, USP 32 or NF 27.