Pentobarbital
Structural Formula Vector Image
Title: Pentobarbital
CAS Registry Number: 76-74-4
CAS Name: 5-Ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione
Additional Names: 5-ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)barbituric acid; mebubarbital; pentobarbitone
Trademarks: Neodorm (Minden)
Molecular Formula: C11H18N2O3
Molecular Weight: 226.27
Percent Composition: C 58.39%, H 8.02%, N 12.38%, O 21.21%
Literature References: Prepn: DE 293163 (1916 to Bayer), Frdl. 13, 799 (1923); and hypnotic activity: E. H. Volwiler, D. L. Tabern, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 52, 1676 (1930). Toxicity data: E. W. Schafer, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 21, 315 (1972). HPLC determn in plasma: M. J. Avram, T. C. Krejcie, J. Chromatogr. 414, 484 (1986). Use in clinical management of elevated intracranial pressure: P. S. Woster, K. L. LeBlanc, Clin. Pharm. 9, 762 (1990); for euthanasia: A. T. Evans et al., J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 203, 664 (1993).
Properties: Crystals from alcohol, mp 129-130°.
Melting point: mp 129-130°
 
Derivative Type: Sodium salt
CAS Registry Number: 57-33-0
Additional Names: Pentobarbital sodium; soluble pentobarbital
Trademarks: Carbrital (Parke-Davis); Narcoren (Veterinaria); Nembutal (Abbott); Pentone (Faulding); Praecicalm (Molimin); Sopental (Continental)
Molecular Formula: C11H17N2NaO3
Molecular Weight: 248.25
Percent Composition: C 53.22%, H 6.90%, N 11.28%, Na 9.26%, O 19.33%
Properties: White powder; slightly bitter taste. Dec ~127°. Freely sol in water, alc. Practically insol in benzene, ether. Aq solns are unstable. LD50 orally in rats: 118 mg/kg (Schafer).
Toxicity data: LD50 orally in rats: 118 mg/kg (Schafer)
 
Derivative Type: Calcium salt
CAS Registry Number: 7563-42-0
Additional Names: Pentobarbital calcium
Trademarks: Repocal (Desitin)
Molecular Formula: C22H34CaN4O6
Molecular Weight: 490.61
Percent Composition: C 53.86%, H 6.99%, Ca 8.17%, N 11.42%, O 19.57%
 
NOTE: This is a controlled substance (depressant): 21 CFR, 1308.12 and 1308.13.
Therap-Cat: Sedative, hypnotic.
Therap-Cat-Vet: Anesthetic (intravenous); for euthanasia.
Keywords: Sedative/Hypnotic; Barbituric Acid Derivatives.

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