Nickel Carbonyl
Structural Formula Vector Image
Title: Nickel Carbonyl
CAS Registry Number: 13463-39-3
Additional Names: Nickel tetracarbonyl
Molecular Formula: C4NiO4
Molecular Weight: 170.73
Percent Composition: C 28.14%, Ni 34.38%, O 37.48%
Line Formula: Ni(CO)4
Literature References: Intermediate in nickel refining. Made by passing carbon monoxide over finely divided nickel: Mond et al., J. Chem. Soc. 57, 749 (1890); Gilliland, Blanchard, Inorg. Synth. 2, 234 (1946). Use of nickel carbonyl in organic synthesis: G. Wilke et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 5, 151 (1966); M. F. Semmelhack in Organic Reactions vol. 19 (Wiley, New York, 1972) p 115; E. J. Corey, H. A. Kirst, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 94, 667 (1972). Kinetic studies: D. H. Stedman et al., Science 208, 1029 (1980). Toxicity study: Hackett, Sunderman, Arch. Environ. Health 14, 604 (1967). Review: Nicholls in Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry vol. 3, J. C. Bailar, Jr. et al., Eds. (Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1973) pp 1115-1119.
Properties: Colorless, volatile liquid. Poisonous! Oxidizes in the air: explodes at about 60°. d17 1.318. bp 43°. mp -19.3°. Crit temp about 200°. Crit pressure about 30 atm. Sol in about 5000 parts water free from air; sol in alcohol, benzene, chloroform, acetone, carbon tetrachloride. LD50 in rats (mg/kg): 39 i.p.; 63 s.c.; 66 i.v. (Hackett, Sunderman).
Melting point: mp -19.3°
Boiling point: bp 43°
Density: d17 1.318
Toxicity data: LD50 in rats (mg/kg): 39 i.p.; 63 s.c.; 66 i.v. (Hackett, Sunderman)
CAUTION: Potential symptoms of overexposure are headache, vertigo; nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain; substernal pain; cough, hyperpnea; cyanosis; weakness; leukocytosis; pneumonitis; delirium; convulsions. See NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS/NIOSH 97-140, 1997) p 222. See also Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products, R. E. Gosselin et al., Eds. (Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 5th ed., 1984) Section II, p. 145. Nickel compounds are listed as known human carcinogens: Report on Carcinogens, Eleventh Edition (PB2005-104914, 2004) p III-181.
Use: In organic synthesis; production of high-purity nickel powder and continuous nickel coatings on steel and other metals.

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