Levodopa
(lee'' voe doe' pa).
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197.19l-Tyrosine, 3-hydroxy-.
(
)-3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-l-alanine
[59-92-7].» Levodopa contains not less than 98.0 percent and not more than 102.0 percent of C9H11NO4, calculated on the dried basis.
Packaging and storage—
Preserve in tight, light-resistant containers, store in a dry place, and prevent exposure to excessive heat.
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Identification—
B:
Ultraviolet Absorption 
197U
—
197U—
Solution:
40 µg per mL.
Medium:
0.1 N hydrochloric acid.
Absorptivities at 280 nm, calculated on the dried basis, do not differ by more than 3.0%.
C:
The retention time of the major peak in the chromatogram of the Assay preparation corresponds to that in the chromatogram of the Standard preparation, as obtained in the Assay.
Specific rotation 781S:
between 160
and 167.
781S:
between 160 and 167.
Test solution—
Transfer about 500 mg of Levodopa, accurately weighed, to a 25-mL volumetric flask, add 10 mL of 1 N hydrochloric acid to dissolve the solid, then add 5 g of methenamine, swirl the contents to dissolve the methenamine, add 1 N hydrochloric acid to volume, and mix. Allow to stand in the dark at 25 for 3 hours, and measure the rotation.
for 3 hours, and measure the rotation.
Loss on drying 731—
Dry it at 105 for 4 hours: it loses not more than 0.5% of its weight.
731—
Dry it at 105 for 4 hours: it loses not more than 0.5% of its weight.
Residue on ignition 281:
not more than 0.1%.
281:
not more than 0.1%.
Heavy metals, Method II 231:
0.002%.
231:
0.002%.
Related compounds—
[note—Protect all solutions from light and maintain them at 10 until they are injected into the chromatograph. ]
until they are injected into the chromatograph. ]
Diluent, Mobile phase, System suitability solution, and Chromatographic system—
Proceed as directed in the Assay.
Standard solution—
Use the Standard preparation, prepared as directed in the Assay.
Test solution—
Use the Assay preparation, prepared as directed in the Assay.
Procedure—
Separately inject equal volumes (about 20 µL) of the Standard solution and the Test solution into the chromatograph, record the chromatograms, and measure the peak areas. Calculate the percentage of each impurity in the portion of Levodopa taken by the formula:
(10,000F)(C/W)(ri / rS)
in which F is the relative response factor of each impurity according to the table below; C is the concentration, in mg per mL, of USP Levodopa RS in the Standard solution; W is the weight, in mg, of Levodopa, on the dried basis, used to prepare the Test solution; ri is the peak area for any impurity in the Test solution; and rS is the peak area for levodopa in the Standard solution: the impurities meet the requirements given in the table below.
| Compound Name | Relative Retention Time | Relative Response Factor (F) |
Limit (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Levodopa related compound A | about 0.9 | 2.4 | 0.1 |
| Levodopa | 1.0 | — | — |
| l-Tyrosine | about 1.3 | 2.7 | 0.1 |
| 3-Methoxytyrosine | about 1.6 | 1.2 | 0.5 |
| 1-Veratrylglycine | about 2.7 | 1.3 | 0.1 |
| Individual unknown impurity | — | 1.0 | 0.1 |
| Total | — | — | 1.1 |
Assay—
[note—Protect all solutions from light and maintain them at 10 until they are injected into the chromatograph. ]
until they are injected into the chromatograph. ]
Diluent—
Prepare a mixture of trifluoroacetic acid and water (1 in 1000).
Mobile phase—
Prepare a filtered and degassed mixture of Diluent and tetrahydrofuran (97:3). Make adjustments if necessary (see System Suitability under Chromatography 621).
621).
System suitability solution—
Dissolve suitable quantities of USP Levodopa RS, USP 3-Methoxytyrosine RS, and USP l-Tyrosine RS in Diluent to obtain a solution containing about 10 µg of each per mL.
Standard preparation—
Dissolve an accurately weighed quantity of USP Levodopa RS in Diluent, and dilute quantitatively, and stepwise if necessary, with Diluent to obtain a solution having a known concentration of about 0.4 mg per mL.
Assay preparation—
Transfer about 40 mg of Levodopa, accurately weighed, to a 100-mL volumetric flask, dissolve in and dilute with Diluent to volume, and mix.
Chromatographic system (see Chromatography 621)—
The liquid chromatograph is equipped with a 280-nm detector and a 4.6-mm × 25-cm column that contains double-endcapped packing L1. The flow rate is about 1.0 mL per minute. Chromatograph the System suitability solution, and record the peak responses as directed for Procedure: the relative retention times are about 1.0 for levodopa, 1.3 for l-tyrosine, and 1.6 for 3-methoxytyrosine; the resolution, R, between levodopa and l-tyrosine is not less than 3.0; the tailing factor is not more than 2.0 for levodopa; and the relative standard deviation determined from levodopa for replicate injections is not more than 2.0%.
621)—
The liquid chromatograph is equipped with a 280-nm detector and a 4.6-mm × 25-cm column that contains double-endcapped packing L1. The flow rate is about 1.0 mL per minute. Chromatograph the System suitability solution, and record the peak responses as directed for Procedure: the relative retention times are about 1.0 for levodopa, 1.3 for l-tyrosine, and 1.6 for 3-methoxytyrosine; the resolution, R, between levodopa and l-tyrosine is not less than 3.0; the tailing factor is not more than 2.0 for levodopa; and the relative standard deviation determined from levodopa for replicate injections is not more than 2.0%.
Procedure—
Separately inject equal volumes (about 20 µL) of the Standard preparation and the Assay preparation into the chromatograph, record the chromatograms, and measure the responses for the major peaks. Calculate the quantity, in mg, of C9H11NO4 in the portion of Levodopa taken by the formula:
100C(rU / rS)
in which C is the concentration, in mg per mL, of USP Levodopa RS in the Standard preparation; and rU and rS are the peak responses obtained from the Assay preparation and the Standard preparation, respectively.
Auxiliary Information—
Please check for your question in the FAQs before contacting USP.
| Topic/Question | Contact | Expert Committee |
|---|---|---|
| Monograph | Hariram Ramanathan, M.S.
Associate Scientific Liaison 1-301-816-8313 |
(SM42010) Monographs - Small Molecules 4 |
| Reference Standards | RS Technical Services 1-301-816-8129 rstech@usp.org |
USP35–NF30 Page 3668
Pharmacopeial Forum: Volume No. 32(4) Page 1085