*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : TJ9100000
CHEMICAL NAME : Picrotoxin
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 124-87-8
LAST UPDATED : 199703
DATA ITEMS CITED : 26
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C15-H18-O7.C15-H16-O6
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 602.64
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : T D3556 J5 K 2AF N EOXVO MVO DH&TTTTJ A1 BQ KY1&U1
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Drug
Human
Natural Product
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Cocculin
* Coques du levant
* Fish berry
* Indian berry
* Oriental berry
* Picrotin, compd. with picrotoxinin (1:1)
* Picrotoxine
* Picrotoxinin, compd. with picrotin (1:1)
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 357 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Behavioral - excitement
Gastrointestinal - other changes
REFERENCE :
34ZIAG "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York,
Academic Press, Inc., 1969 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,476,1969
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 1471 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85DCAI "Poisoning; Toxicology, Symptoms, Treatments," 2nd ed., Arena, J.M.,
Springfield, IL, C.C. Thomas, 1970 Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,73,1970
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 1990 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag,
Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,996,1964
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 2880 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JAPMA8 Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, Scientific
Edition. (Washington, DC) V.29-49, 1940-60. For publisher information, see
JPMSAE. Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,604,1949
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 1600 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag,
Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,996,1964
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 15 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - tremor
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Behavioral - excitement
REFERENCE :
JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams &
Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 128,176,1960
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 9200 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
USXXAM United States Patent Document. (U.S. Patent Office, Box 9,
Washington, DC 20231) Volume(issue)/page/year: #3749765
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 4100 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Behavioral - excitement
Behavioral - rigidity (including catalepsy)
REFERENCE :
RPOBAR Research Progress in Organic-Biological and Medicinal Chemistry. (New
York, NY) V.1-3, 1964-72. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year:
1,423,1964
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 2440 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
REFERENCE :
AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans
Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4-
1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 135,9,1962
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intracerebral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 5 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
REFERENCE :
RCOCB8 Research Communications in Chemical Pathology and Pharmacology. (PJD
Pub. Ltd., P.O. Box 966, Westbury, NY 11590) V.1- 1970-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 39,367,1983
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 4120 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NYKZAU Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. (Nippon
Yakuri Gakkai, c/o Kyoto Daigaku Igakubu Yakurigaku Kyoshitsu, Konoe-cho,
Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan) V.40- 1944- Volume(issue)/page/year:
53,2S,1957
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 1500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1385,1935
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 1 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1385,1935
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION : 1750 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1385,1935
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION : 2 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1385,1935
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intracerebral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION : 25 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
REFERENCE :
AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans
Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4-
1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 135,9,1962
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 2500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JPHAA3 Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association. (Washington, DC)
V.1-28, 1912-39; New series: V.1-17, 1961-77. Volume(issue)/page/year:
23,98,1934
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 1300 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
FDWU** "Ueber die Wirkung Verschiedener Gifte Auf Vogel, Dissertation,"
Forchheimer, L., Pharmakologischen Institut der Universitat Wurzburg, Fed.
Rep. Ger., 1931 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,-,1931
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 1016 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
REFERENCE :
JAPMA8 Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, Scientific
Edition. (Washington, DC) V.29-49, 1940-60. For publisher information, see
JPMSAE. Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,2,1940
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 300 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1385,1935
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - pigeon
DOSE/DURATION : 1400 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
FDWU** "Ueber die Wirkung Verschiedener Gifte Auf Vogel, Dissertation,"
Forchheimer, L., Pharmakologischen Institut der Universitat Wurzburg, Fed.
Rep. Ger., 1931 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,-,1931
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - pigeon
DOSE/DURATION : 1400 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
JPHAA3 Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association. (Washington, DC)
V.1-28, 1912-39; New series: V.1-17, 1961-77. Volume(issue)/page/year:
23,98,1934
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Amphibian - frog
DOSE/DURATION : 2 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
FDWU** "Ueber die Wirkung Verschiedener Gifte Auf Vogel, Dissertation,"
Forchheimer, L., Pharmakologischen Institut der Universitat Wurzburg, Fed.
Rep. Ger., 1931 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,-,1931
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED : Amphibian - frog
DOSE/DURATION : 2 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1385,1935
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Amphibian - frog
DOSE/DURATION : 20 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory
change
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Cardiac - other changes
REFERENCE :
AEPPAE Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und
Pharmakologie. (Berlin, Ger.) V.110-253, 1925-66. For publisher
information, see NSAPCC. Volume(issue)/page/year: 166,437,1932
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 42 mg/kg/3W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Musculoskeletal - other changes
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in calcium
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - phosphatases
REFERENCE :
JCGBDF Journal of Craniofacial Genetics and Developmental Biology. (Alan R.
Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1980-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,351,1988
*** END OF RECORD ***