*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : BQ9625000
CHEMICAL NAME : Ammonium hydroxide
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 1336-21-6
LAST UPDATED : 199710
DATA ITEMS CITED : 19
MOLECULAR FORMULA : H5-N-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 35.06
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : Z& Q
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Mutagen
Human
Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Ammonia aqueous
* Ammonia water 29%
* Aqua ammonia
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 250 ug
REACTION SEVERITY : Severe
REFERENCE :
AJOPAA American Journal of Ophthalmology. (Ophthalmic Pub. Co., 435 N.
Michigan Ave., Suite 1415, Chicago, IL 60611) Series 3: V.1- 1918-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1363,1946
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 44 ug
REACTION SEVERITY : Severe
REFERENCE :
AROPAW Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago). (AMA, 535 N. Dearborn St.,
Chicago, IL 60610) New series: V.1-44(3), 1929-50; V.64- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,839,1941
TYPE OF TEST : Rinsed with water
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 1 mg/30S
REACTION SEVERITY : Severe
REFERENCE :
TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85,
Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,281,1982
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 43 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
34ZIAG "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York,
Academic Press, Inc., 1969 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,95,1969
TYPE OF TEST : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 5000 ppm
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
34ZIAG "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York,
Academic Press, Inc., 1969 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,95,1969
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 408 ppm
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis)
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema
REFERENCE :
JISMAB Journal of the Iowa State Medical Society. (Des Moines, IA)
1911-1983(?). Volume(issue)/page/year: 61,271,1971
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 350 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - other changes
Liver - other changes
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes
REFERENCE :
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA)
V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,259,1941
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 160 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85IXA4 "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme
Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948
Volume(issue)/page/year: -,688,1948
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 91 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Behavioral - coma
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation
REFERENCE :
JCINAO Journal of Clinical Investigation. (Rockefeller Univ. Press, 1230
York Ave., New York, NY 10021) V.1- 1924- Volume(issue)/page/year:
37,497,1958
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION : 750 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1289,1935
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 200 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85IXA4 "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme
Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948
Volume(issue)/page/year: -,688,1948
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 10 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1289,1935
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Amphibian - frog
DOSE/DURATION : 2500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85IXA4 "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme
Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948
Volume(issue)/page/year: -,688,1948
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION : 10 mg/disc
REFERENCE :
ANYAA9 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. (New York Academy of
Sciences, 2 E. 63rd St., New York, NY 10021) V.1- 1877-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 76,475,1958
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
NOHS Hazard Code - 06145
No. of Facilities: 85664 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 297
No. of Occupations: 161
No. of Employees: 735671 (estimated)
NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
NOES Hazard Code - 06145
No. of Facilities: 66188 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 326
No. of Occupations: 188
No. of Employees: 1022551 (estimated)
No. of Female Employees: 379643 (estimated)
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
*** END OF RECORD ***