*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : BP4550000
CHEMICAL NAME : Ammonium chloride
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 12125-02-9
LAST UPDATED : 199806
DATA ITEMS CITED : 38
MOLECULAR FORMULA : Cl-H4-N
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 53.50
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : Z& G
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Drug
Mutagen
Human
Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Amchlor
* Ammoneric
* Ammoniumchlorid
* Ammonium chloride
* Ammonium muriate
* Chlorid amonny
* Darammon
* Sal ammonia
* Sal ammoniac
* Salammonite
* Salmiac
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 500 mg/24H
REACTION SEVERITY : Mild
REFERENCE :
28ZPAK "Sbornik Vysledku Toxixologickeho Vysetreni Latek A Pripravku,"
Marhold, J.V., Institut Pro Vychovu Vedoucicn Pracovniku Chemickeho Prumyclu
Praha, Czechoslovakia, 1972 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,15,1972
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg
REACTION SEVERITY : Severe
REFERENCE :
LPPTAK Labo-Pharma-Problemes et Techniques. (Editions de Sante, 19 rue
Louis-le-Grand, 75002 Paris, France) V.12- 1965-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,598,1976
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - infant
DOSE/DURATION : 2 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac - other changes
REFERENCE :
AJEMEN American Journal of Emergency Medicine. (WB Saunders, Philadelphia,
PA) V.1- 1983- Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,506,1988
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 1650 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
28ZPAK "Sbornik Vysledku Toxixologickeho Vysetreni Latek A Pripravku,"
Marhold, J.V., Institut Pro Vychovu Vedoucicn Pracovniku Chemickeho Prumyclu
Praha, Czechoslovakia, 1972 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,15,1972
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 30 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
EMSUA8 Experimental Medicine and Surgery. (Brooklyn, NY) V.1-29, 1943-71.
Suspended. Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,223,1946
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1300 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho
Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,257,1990
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 485 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
COREAF Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances, Academie des Sciences.
(Paris, France) V.1-261, 1835-1965. For publisher information, see CRASEV.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 256,1043,1963
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
27ZIAQ "Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes,
C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973
Volume(issue)/page/year: -,39,1973
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 358 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Behavioral - coma
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation
REFERENCE :
JCINAO Journal of Clinical Investigation. (Rockefeller Univ. Press, 1230
York Ave., New York, NY 10021) V.1- 1924- Volume(issue)/page/year:
37,497,1958
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 600 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1289,1935
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 1 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1289,1935
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 200 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
27ZWAY "Handbuch der Experimentellen Pharmakologie," Heffter, A., Berlin,
Verlag von Julius Springer. V.1-3, 1920-35. For publisher information, see
HEPHD2. Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,470,1923
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 78 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1289,1935
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 72 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig,
Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1289,1935
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 220 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
27ZWAY "Handbuch der Experimentellen Pharmakologie," Heffter, A., Berlin,
Verlag von Julius Springer. V.1-3, 1920-35. For publisher information, see
HEPHD2. Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,470,1923
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - domestic
DOSE/DURATION : 1500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - mydriasis (pupillary dilation)
Behavioral - tremor
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation
REFERENCE :
AJVRAH American Journal of Veterinary Research. (American Veterinary
Medical Assoc., 930 N. Meacham Rd., Schaumburg, IL 60196) V.1- 1940-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 32,1229,1971
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 51660 mg/kg/10W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in calcium
REFERENCE :
FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
40,247,1997
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Fibroblast
DOSE/DURATION : 400 mg/L
REFERENCE :
FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year:
22,623,1984
*** REVIEWS ***
ACGIH TLV-STEL 20 mg/m3, fume
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
ACGIH TLV-TWA 10 mg/m3, fume
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
*** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ***
MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 10 mg/m3
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,12,1971
*** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 10 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993
OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 10 mg/m3;STEL 20 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993
OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 10 mg/m3;STEL 20 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993
OEL-DENMARK:TWA 10 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993
OEL-FRANCE:TWA 10 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993
OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 10 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993
OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 10 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993
OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 6 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993
OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 10 mg/m3;STEL 20 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993
OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
NIOSH REL TO AMMONIUM CHLORIDE-air:10H TWA 10 mg/m3;STEL 20 mg/m3
REFERENCE :
NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992
NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
NOHS Hazard Code - 05270
No. of Facilities: 29596 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 223
No. of Occupations: 97
No. of Employees: 259567 (estimated)
NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
NOES Hazard Code - 05270
No. of Facilities: 24833 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 180
No. of Occupations: 131
No. of Employees: 415676 (estimated)
No. of Female Employees: 139037 (estimated)
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
*** END OF RECORD ***