*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : OJ5800000
CHEMICAL NAME : Lithium carbonate (2:1)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 554-13-2
LAST UPDATED : 199801
DATA ITEMS CITED : 60
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C-O3.2Li
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 73.89
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : LI2 C-O3
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Tumorigen
Drug
Mutagen
Reproductive Effector
Human
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Camcolit
* Candamide
* Carbolith
* Carbonic acid, dilithium salt
* Carbonic acid lithium salt
* Ceglution
* CP-15467-61
* Dilithium carbonate
* Eskalith
* Hypnorex
* Limas
* Liskonum
* Lithane
* Lithicarb
* Lithinate
* Lithium carbonate
* Lithobid
* Lithonate
* Lithotabs
* NSC-16895
* Plenur
* Priadel
* Quilonum retard
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 25 gm/kg/4Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - tremor
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - miosis (pupillary constriction)
REFERENCE :
JCLPDE Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. (Physicians Postgraduate Press,
Inc., POB 240008, Memphis, TN 38124) V.39- 1978-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 46,292,1985
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 612 mg/kg/44D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - sleep
Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, allergic (after systemic exposure)
REFERENCE :
AJPSAO American Journal of Psychiatry. (American Psychiatric Assoc.,
Circulation Dept., 1400 K St., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.78- 1921-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 152,956,1995
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 8 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)
REFERENCE :
AJPSAO American Journal of Psychiatry. (American Psychiatric Assoc.,
Circulation Dept., 1400 K St., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.78- 1921-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 141,909,1984
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 8760 mg/kg/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Endocrine - thyroid weight (goiter)
Endocrine - evidence of thyroid hyperfunction
REFERENCE :
AJMEAZ American Journal of Medicine. (Technical Pub., 875 Third Ave., New
York, NY 10022) V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 99,575,1995
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 4111 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - tremor
Behavioral - muscle weakness
Gastrointestinal - other changes
REFERENCE :
NEJMAG New England Journal of Medicine. (Massachusetts Medical Soc., 10
Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115) V.198- 1928- Volume(issue)/page/year:
287,867,1972
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 54 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - sleep
Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions
REFERENCE :
NZMJAX New Zealand Medical Journal. (New Zealand Medical Assoc., P.O. Box
156, Wellington, New Zealand) V.1- 1900- Volume(issue)/page/year:
97,23,1984
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 120 mg/kg/10D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - excitement
REFERENCE :
JCLPDE Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. (Physicians Postgraduate Press,
Inc., POB 240008, Memphis, TN 38124) V.39- 1978-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 48,81,1987
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 1080 mg/kg/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, allergic (after systemic exposure)
REFERENCE :
JCLPDE Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. (Physicians Postgraduate Press,
Inc., POB 240008, Memphis, TN 38124) V.39- 1978-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 47,330,1986
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 556 mg/kg/32D
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - toxic psychosis
REFERENCE :
JAMAAP JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association. (AMA, 535 N.
Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60610) V.1- 1883- Volume(issue)/page/year:
213,865,1970
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 525 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,1273,1973
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 156 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,1273,1973
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 434 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
Skin and Appendages - hair
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,1273,1973
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 241 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,1273,1973
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 531 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
RPTOAN Russian Pharmacology and Toxicology (English Translation).
Translation of FATOAO. (Euromed Pub., 33, Woodlands Rd., Surbiton, Surrey,
UK) V.30- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,266,1970
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 236 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)
Behavioral - excitement
Behavioral - ataxia
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,1273,1973
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 413 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
RPTOAN Russian Pharmacology and Toxicology (English Translation).
Translation of FATOAO. (Euromed Pub., 33, Woodlands Rd., Surbiton, Surrey,
UK) V.30- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,266,1970
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 497 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,1273,1973
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
27ZQAG "Psychotropic Drugs and Related Compounds," 2nd ed., Usdin, E., and
D.H. Efron, Washington, DC, 1972 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,436,1972
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 4500 mg/kg/30D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - dehydration
Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,1278,1973
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 18200 mg/kg/26W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Endocrine - changes in adrenal weight
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,12,1973
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 36400 mg/kg/52W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Cardiac - changes in heart weight
Gastrointestinal - other changes
Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,12,1973
** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 3600 mg/kg/21W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Blood - leukemia
REFERENCE :
NEJMAG New England Journal of Medicine. (Massachusetts Medical Soc., 10
Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115) V.198- 1928- Volume(issue)/page/year:
302,808,1980
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 21 gm/kg/3.5Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Endocrine - thyroid tumors
REFERENCE :
ANZJB8 Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine. (Modern Medicine of
Australia Pty., Ltd., 100 Pacific Highway, North Sydney, 2060, Australia)
V.1- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,62,1980
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 5940 mg/kg/47W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Blood - leukemia
REFERENCE :
AIMEAS Annals of Internal Medicine. (American College of Physicians, 4200
Pine St., Philadelphia, PA 19104) V.1- 1927- Volume(issue)/page/year:
92,262,1980
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 6132 mg/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Blood - leukemia
REFERENCE :
HAEMAX Haematologica. (Il Pensiero Scientifico Editore, Via Panama 48,
I-00198, Rome, Italy) V.1- 1920- Volume(issue)/page/year: 67,944,1982
** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE : 3072 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 1-37 week(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other neonatal measures or effects
REFERENCE :
JOPDAB Journal of Pediatrics. (C.V. Mosby Co., 11830 Westline Industrial
Dr., St. Louis, MO 63141) V.1- 1932- Volume(issue)/page/year:
81,804,1972
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE : 4900 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 1-35 week(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular
(circulatory) system
REFERENCE :
LANCAO Lancet. (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK) V.1- 1823-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,595,1974
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE : 4256 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 1-38 week(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - Apgar score (human only)
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other neonatal measures or effects
REFERENCE :
BMJOAE British Medical Journal. (British Medical Assoc., BMA House,
Tavistock Sq., London WC1H 9JR, UK) V.1- 1857- Volume(issue)/page/year:
3,233,1973
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE : 10080 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 26 week(s) pre-mating - 34 week(s) after
conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth
REFERENCE :
BJPYAJ British Journal of Psychiatry. (Headley Brothers, Ltd., Ashford,
Kent TN24 8HH, UK) V.109- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 154,114,1989
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE : 540 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 35-39 week(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other neonatal measures or effects
REFERENCE :
PEDIAU Pediatrics. (American Academy of Pediatrics, P.O. Box 1034,
Evanston, IL 60204) V.1- 1948- Volume(issue)/page/year: 47,94,1971
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE : 556 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 30-34 week(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other neonatal measures or effects
REFERENCE :
JAMAAP JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association. (AMA, 535 N.
Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60610) V.1- 1883- Volume(issue)/page/year:
213,865,1970
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE : 11520 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 7 week(s) pre-mating
female 1-38 week(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - gastrointestinal
system
REFERENCE :
CMAJAX Canadian Medical Association Journal. (Canadian Medical Assoc., POB
8650, Ottawa, ON K1G 0G8, Canada) V.1- 1911- Volume(issue)/page/year:
105,847,1971
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE : 11520 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 7 week(s) pre-mating
female 1-38 week(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - Apgar score (human only)
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other neonatal measures or effects
REFERENCE :
CMAJAX Canadian Medical Association Journal. (Canadian Medical Assoc., POB
8650, Ottawa, ON K1G 0G8, Canada) V.1- 1911- Volume(issue)/page/year:
105,847,1971
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 600 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 9-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,1736,1973
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 1 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 34,115,1986
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 1050 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 1-21 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured
before birth)
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
gain)
REFERENCE :
NTRSDC Nutrition Research. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview
Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,315,1990
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 1050 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
gain)
REFERENCE :
NTRSDC Nutrition Research. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview
Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,315,1990
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 4650 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
REFERENCE :
NATUAS Nature. (Nature Subscription Dept., POB 1018, Manasguan, NJ 08736)
V.1- 1869- Volume(issue)/page/year: 225,73,1970
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 4650 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured
before birth)
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
17,274,1970
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 2 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 8-12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - live birth index (measured after birth)
REFERENCE :
JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub.,
1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,541,1982
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 600 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 7-12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - sex ratio
REFERENCE :
KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda
Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,1736,1973
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 40 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
REFERENCE :
NNAPBA Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Archiv fuer Pharmakologie. (Berlin, Ger.)
V.264-271, 1969-71. For publisher information, see NSAPCC.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 270,56,1971
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 200 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
REFERENCE :
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,239,1982
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 200 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,239,1982
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 300 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
REFERENCE :
ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000
Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974- Volume(issue)/page/year:
71,519,1997
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 4650 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
REFERENCE :
LANCAO Lancet. (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK) V.1- 1823-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,849,1969
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - pig
DOSE : 240 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 36-115 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - live birth index (measured after birth)
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., #
alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)
REFERENCE :
PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.
(Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1903/04-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 158,123,1978
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - pig
DOSE : 240 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 36-115 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other neonatal measures or effects
REFERENCE :
PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine.
(Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1903/04-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 158,123,1978
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Human Fibroblast
DOSE/DURATION : 500 mg/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 169,171,1986
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM : Human Fibroblast
DOSE/DURATION : 2 gm/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 169,171,1986
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
TEST SYSTEM : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 12800 ug/kg/12W (Intermittent)
REFERENCE :
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,131,1976
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 420 gm/kg/12W (Continuous)
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 244,331,1990
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1200 ug/kg/3D/I
REFERENCE :
CYTOAN Cytologia. (Japan Pub. Trading Co. (USA), 1255 Howard St., San
Francisco, CA 94103) V.1- 1929- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,245,1989
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1200 ug/kg/3D/I
REFERENCE :
CYTOAN Cytologia. (Japan Pub. Trading Co. (USA), 1255 Howard St., San
Francisco, CA 94103) V.1- 1929- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,245,1989
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Lung
DOSE/DURATION : 2 gm/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 169,171,1986
*** REVIEWS ***
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
DICPBB Drug Intelligence and Clinical Pharmacy. (POB 42435, Cincinnati, OH
45242) V.3- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,690,1974
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
NOHS Hazard Code - 84414
No. of Facilities: 1035 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 8
No. of Occupations: 10
No. of Employees: 6333 (estimated)
NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
NOES Hazard Code - X6906
No. of Facilities: 3 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 1
No. of Occupations: 1
No. of Employees: 198 (estimated)
No. of Female Employees: 151 (estimated)
NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
NOES Hazard Code - 84414
No. of Facilities: 2182 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 17
No. of Occupations: 31
No. of Employees: 39147 (estimated)
No. of Female Employees: 17568 (estimated)
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
*** END OF RECORD ***