*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : JO1225000
CHEMICAL NAME : Disulfide, bis(diethylthiocarbamoyl)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 97-77-8
LAST UPDATED : 199806
DATA ITEMS CITED : 68
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C10-H20-N2-S4
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 296.56
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : 2N2&YUS&S 2
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Agricultural Chemical
Tumorigen
Drug
Mutagen
Reproductive Effector
Human
Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Abstensil
* Abstinil
* Abstinyl
* Alcophobin
* Antabus
* Antabuse
* Antaenyl
* Antaethyl
* Antalcol
* Antetan
* Antetil
* Anti-ethyl
* Antietil
* Antikol
* Antivitium
* Aversan
* Averzan
* Bis((diethylamino)thioxomethyl)disulphide
* Bis(diethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
* Bis(N,N-diethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide
* Bis(diethylthiocarbamoyl)disulphide
* Bis(N,N-diethylthiocarbamoyl)disulphide
* Contralin
* Cronetal
* Dicupral
* Disulfiram
* Disulfuram
* Disulphuram
* 1,1'-Dithiobis(N,N-diethylthioformamide)
* Dupon 4472
* Dupont fungicide 4472
* Ekagom TEDS
* ENT 27,340
* Ephorran
* Espenal
* Esperal
* Etabus
* Ethyldithiourame
* Ethyldithiurame
* Ethyl thiram
* Ethyl thiurad
* Ethyl tuads
* Ethyl TUEX
* Exhoran
* Formamide, 1,1'-dithiobis(N,N-diethylthio-
* HOCA
* Krotenal
* NCI-C02959
* Nocbin
* Noxal
* NSC 190940
* Refusal
* Ro-Sulfiram
* Stopetyl
* Tenurid
* Tenutex
* TETD
* Tetidis
* Tetradin
* Tetradine
* Tetraethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide
* Tetraethylthiram disulphide
* Tetraethylthiuram
* Tetraethylthiuram disulfide
* Tetraethylthiuram disulphide
* N,N,N',N'-Tetraethylthiuram disulphide
* Tetraetil
* Teturam
* Teturamin
* Thiuram E
* Thiuram disulfide, tetraethyl-
* Thiuranide
* USAF B-33
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg
REACTION SEVERITY : Mild
REFERENCE :
FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year:
20,573,1982
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 140 mg/kg/2W
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
REFERENCE :
SMJOAV Southern Medical Journal. (Southern Medical Assoc., POB 2446,
Birmingham, AL 35205) V.1- 1908- Volume(issue)/page/year: 80,1577,1987
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION : 90 mg/kg/18D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - jaundice, other or unclassified
REFERENCE :
JCLPDE Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. (Physicians Postgraduate Press,
Inc., POB 240008, Memphis, TN 38124) V.39- 1978-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 46,67,1985
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 150 mg/kg/6W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Musculoskeletal - joints
REFERENCE :
ARHEAW Arthritis and Rheumatism. (Arthritis Foundation, 1314 Spring St.,
NW, Atlanta, GA 30309) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,1494,1982
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 150 mg/kg/6W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse
REFERENCE :
AIMDAP Archives of Internal Medicine. (AMA, 535 N. Dearborn St., Chicago,
IL 60610) V.1- 1908- Volume(issue)/page/year: 143,1271,1983
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 160 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - coma
Gastrointestinal - ulceration or bleeding from large intestine
Liver - hepatitis, fibrous (cirrhosis, post-necrotic scarring)
REFERENCE :
BMJOAE British Medical Journal. (British Medical Assoc., BMA House,
Tavistock Sq., London WC1H 9JR, UK) V.1- 1857- Volume(issue)/page/year:
2,94,1977
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - child
DOSE/DURATION : 150 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
34ZIAG "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York,
Academic Press, Inc., 1969 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,230,1969
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
ATXKA8 Archiv fuer Toxikologie. (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.15-31, 1954-74.
For publisher information, see ARTODN. Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,12,1966
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 248 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease
REFERENCE :
JNPHAG Journal de Pharmacologie. (SPPIF, B.P.22, F-41353 Vineuil, France)
V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,35,1978
TYPE OF TEST : LD - Lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : >4 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. (Copenhagen, Denmark) V.1-59,
1945-86. For publisher information, see PHTOEH Volume(issue)/page/year:
8,305,1952
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1980 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans
Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4-
1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 112,36,1957
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 75 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: AD691-490
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 2600 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs). (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo,
Japan) Volume(issue)/page/year: -,523,1995
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 3500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia
(usually neuromuscular blockage)
Behavioral - ataxia
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease
REFERENCE :
APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. (Copenhagen, Denmark) V.1-59,
1945-86. For publisher information, see PHTOEH Volume(issue)/page/year:
8,305,1952
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 1800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia
(usually neuromuscular blockage)
Behavioral - ataxia
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease
REFERENCE :
APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. (Copenhagen, Denmark) V.1-59,
1945-86. For publisher information, see PHTOEH Volume(issue)/page/year:
8,305,1952
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 7 gm/kg/7D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Autonomic Nervous System - other (direct) parasympathomimetic
Gastrointestinal - ulceration or bleeding from stomach
Blood - changes in spleen
REFERENCE :
APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. (Copenhagen, Denmark) V.1-59,
1945-86. For publisher information, see PHTOEH Volume(issue)/page/year:
8,305,1952
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 6750 mg/kg/6W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in metals, not otherwise specified
REFERENCE :
TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 75,235,1995
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 7770 mg/kg/3W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - recording from peripheral motor nerve
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. (Copenhagen, Denmark) V.1-59,
1945-86. For publisher information, see PHTOEH Volume(issue)/page/year:
55,339,1984
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 6545 mg/kg/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Autonomic Nervous System - parasympatholytic
Gastrointestinal - contraction (isolated tissue)
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. (Copenhagen, Denmark) V.1-59,
1945-86. For publisher information, see PHTOEH Volume(issue)/page/year:
55,339,1984
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 720 mg/kg/60D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - phosphatases
REFERENCE :
EPEPEG European Journal of Pharmacology, Environmental Toxicology and
Pharmacology Section. (Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.228- 1992- Volume(issue)/page/year:
292,89,1994
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 44640 mg/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
JPMSAE Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. (American Pharmaceutical Assoc.,
2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037) V.50- 1961-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 59,1267,1970
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 1750 mg/kg/7D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Autonomic Nervous System - other (direct) parasympathomimetic
Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal
Blood - changes in spleen
REFERENCE :
APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. (Copenhagen, Denmark) V.1-59,
1945-86. For publisher information, see PHTOEH Volume(issue)/page/year:
8,305,1952
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 280 mg/kg/18D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Spinal Cord - demyelination
Autonomic Nervous System - other (direct) parasympathomimetic
Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal
REFERENCE :
APTOA6 Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. (Copenhagen, Denmark) V.1-59,
1945-86. For publisher information, see PHTOEH Volume(issue)/page/year:
8,305,1952
** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 35 gm/kg/78W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-159
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1000 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
Blood - tumors
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-159
** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 5 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 3-12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
JRPFA4 Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. (Biochemical Soc. Book Depot,
POB 32, Commerce Way, Colchester, Essex CO2 8HP, UK) V.1- 1960-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 39,375,1974
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 310 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : male 31 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
107,164,1991
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 400 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 4-11 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
REFERENCE :
BEXBAN Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine (English Translation).
Translation of BEBMAE. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY
10013) V.41- 1956- Volume(issue)/page/year: 93,107,1982
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 800 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : male 2 day(s) pre-mating
female 2 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
REFERENCE :
BEXBAN Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine (English Translation).
Translation of BEBMAE. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY
10013) V.41- 1956- Volume(issue)/page/year: 93,107,1982
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 13200 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 15 day(s) pre-mating
female 1-18 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
REFERENCE :
JJATDK JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins
Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK) V.1- 1981-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,1,1985
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 39200 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 7-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4
per # born alive)
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB86-197605
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 1278 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured
before birth)
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures
(e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-160
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 1278 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-160
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION : 25 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland
Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year:
49,329,1984
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION : 20 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
PCBRD2 Progress in Clinical and Biological Research. (Alan R. Liss, Inc.,
41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1975- Volume(issue)/page/year:
141,407,1984
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM : Human HeLa cell
DOSE/DURATION : 100 umol/L
REFERENCE :
CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House,
Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,2389,1992
TYPE OF TEST : Morphological transformation
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 12600 mg/kg/6W
REFERENCE :
CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House,
Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,387,1988
TYPE OF TEST : Specific locus test
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 16 ug/L
REFERENCE :
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year:
17,196,1991
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Embryo
DOSE/DURATION : 10 mg/L
REFERENCE :
JJATDK JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins
Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK) V.1- 1981-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,1,1985
TYPE OF TEST : Morphological transformation
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Embryo
DOSE/DURATION : 20 ug/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 356,85,1996
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION : 5 umol/L
REFERENCE :
SWEHDO Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. (Haartmaninkatu
1, SF-00290 Helsinki, 29, Finland) V.1- 1975- Volume(issue)/page/year:
9(Suppl 2),27,1983
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM : Bird - chicken Embryo
DOSE/DURATION : 120 nmol/L
REFERENCE :
BBACAQ Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211,
1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year:
519,65,1978
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
TEST SYSTEM : Bird - chicken Embryo
DOSE/DURATION : 120 nmol/L
REFERENCE :
BBACAQ Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211,
1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year:
519,65,1978
*** REVIEWS ***
ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
ACGIH TLV-TWA 2 mg/m3
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,85,1976
IARC Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,85,1976
IARC Cancer Review:Group 3
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year:
7,56,1987
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
CRTXB2 CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology. (CRC Press, Inc., 2000 Corporate
Blvd., NW, Boca Raton, FL 33431) V.1- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year:
2,365,1973
*** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-FINLAND:TWA 2 mg/m3;STEL 6 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-FRANCE:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-GERMANY:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
NIOSH REL TO DISULFIRAM-air:10H TWA 2 mg/m3
REFERENCE :
NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992
NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
NOHS Hazard Code - 80219
No. of Facilities: 209 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 4
No. of Occupations: 24
No. of Employees: 4441 (estimated)
NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
NOES Hazard Code - 80219
No. of Facilities: 2688 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 28
No. of Occupations: 51
No. of Employees: 53525 (estimated)
No. of Female Employees: 6305 (estimated)
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 23, 1978
NCI Carcinogenesis Bioassay (feed);no evidence:mouse,rat
NCITR* National Cancer Institute Carcinogenesis Technical Report Series.
(Bethesda, MD) No.0-205. For publisher information, see NTPTR*.
Volume(issue)/page/year: NCI-TR-166,79
*** END OF RECORD ***