*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : DU8050000
CHEMICAL NAME : Biphenyl
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 92-52-4
LAST UPDATED : 199806
DATA ITEMS CITED : 64
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C12-H10
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 154.22
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : RR
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Agricultural Chemical
Tumorigen
Mutagen
Human
Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Bibenzene
* 1,1'-Biphenyl
* Biphenyl
* Carolid AL
* CP 390
* Diphenyl
* Lemonene
* MCS 1572
* Phenador-X
* Phenylbenzene
* PHPH
* Tetrosin LY
* Xenene
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 500 uL/24H
REACTION SEVERITY : Severe
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0546109
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg
REACTION SEVERITY : Mild
REFERENCE :
MONS** Monsanto Co. Toxicity Information. (Monsanto Industrial Chemicals
Co., Bancroft Bldg., Suite 204, 3411 Silverside Rd., Wilmington, DE 19810)
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 4400 ug/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia
(usually neuromuscular blockage)
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
Gastrointestinal - other changes
REFERENCE :
AEHLAU Archives of Environmental Health. (Heldref Pub., 4000 Albemarle St.,
NW, Washington, DC 20016) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year:
26,70,1973
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 2140 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Behavioral - muscle weakness
Gastrointestinal - alteration in gastric secretion
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0546109
TYPE OF TEST : LC - Lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : >200 mg/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
MONS** Monsanto Co. Toxicity Information. (Monsanto Industrial Chemicals
Co., Bancroft Bldg., Suite 204, 3411 Silverside Rd., Wilmington, DE 19810)
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 4500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O
Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 53(5),6,1988
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1900 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
REFERENCE :
SKEZAP Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi. Food Hygiene Journal. (Nippon Shokuhin
Eisei Gakkai c/o Shokuhin Eisei Senta, 2-6-1 Jingumae, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo
150, Japan) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,268,1983
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 56 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
CSLNX* U.S. Army Armament Research & Development Command, Chemical Systems
Laboratory, NIOSH Exchange Chemicals. (Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010)
Volume(issue)/page/year: NX#00198
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION : >2600 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85JFAN "Agrochemicals Handbook," with updates, Hartley, D., and H. Kidd,
eds., Nottingham, Royal Soc. of Chemistry, 1983-86 Volume(issue)/page/year:
A166,1983
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 2400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NASDA6 Nagoya Shiritsu Daigaku Igakkai Zasshi. Journal of the Nagoya City
University Medical Association. (Nagoya-shiritsu Daigaku Igakkai, 1
Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467, Japan) V.1- 1950-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 28,983,1977
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : >5010 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
MONS** Monsanto Co. Toxicity Information. (Monsanto Industrial Chemicals
Co., Bancroft Bldg., Suite 204, 3411 Silverside Rd., Wilmington, DE 19810)
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 3300 mg/kg/15D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight
Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - phosphatases
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
57,414,1981
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 41250 mg/kg/24W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure,
acute tubular necrosis)
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - urine volume increased
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
3,560,1961
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 300 mg/m3/7H/94D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise
specified
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - emphysema
Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA)
V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1,1947
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 150 mg/kg/3D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - other Enzymes
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
33,94,1975
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 5 mg/m3/7H/92D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - emphysema
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - chronic pulmonary edema
Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA)
V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1,1947
** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 56 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
Blood - tumors
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-159
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 46 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-159
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 8400 mg/kg/4W (Continuous)
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
99,37,1989
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 20 umol/L
REFERENCE :
MUTAEX Mutagenesis. (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road,
Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1986- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,193,1988
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 50 umol/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 203,155,1988
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 2 gm/kg
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 395,189,1997
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 296 umol/L
REFERENCE :
MUTAEX Mutagenesis. (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road,
Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1986- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,193,1988
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Lung
DOSE/DURATION : 10 mg/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 281,151,1992
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Lung
DOSE/DURATION : 10 mg/L
REFERENCE :
ESKHA5 Eisei Shikenjo Hokoku. Bulletin of the Institute of Hygienic
Sciences. (Kokuritsu Eisei Shikenjo Kagaku, 18-1 Bushitsu Johobu,
Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158, Japan) V.1- 1886- Volume(issue)/page/year:
(103),64,1985
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Fibroblast
DOSE/DURATION : 100 umol/L
REFERENCE :
JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.1-60,
1940-78. For publisher information, see JJIND8. Volume(issue)/page/year:
58,1635,1977
*** REVIEWS ***
ACGIH TLV-TWA 1.3 mg/m3 (0.2 ppm)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
AJMEAZ American Journal of Medicine. (Technical Pub., 875 Third Ave., New
York, NY 10022) V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,409,1965
*** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ***
EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of
Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year:
54,7740,1989
MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,94,1971
OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1910.1000,1994
OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1926.55,1994
OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1915.1000,1993
OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
41,50-204.50,1994
*** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.2 ppm (1.5 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.2 ppm (1.3 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3);STEL 0.6 ppm (3 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
OEL-FRANCE:TWA 0.2 ppm (1.5 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 1 mg/m3;STEL 2 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-INDIA:TWA 0.2 ppm (1.5 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.2 ppm (1.3 mg/m3);STEL 0.4 ppm (2.5 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.2 ppm (1.3 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-THAILAND:TWA 0.2 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.2 ppm (1.5 mg/m3);STEL 0.6 ppm JAN 1993
OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
NIOSH REL TO DIPHENYL-air:10H TWA 0.2 ppm
REFERENCE :
NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992
NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
NOHS Hazard Code - 27590
No. of Facilities: 281 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 10
No. of Occupations: 29
No. of Employees: 10589 (estimated)
NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
NOES Hazard Code - 27590
No. of Facilities: 2220 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 20
No. of Occupations: 36
No. of Employees: 32003 (estimated)
No. of Female Employees: 3708 (estimated)
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive/dose response: In vitro SCE-nonhuman
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: In vitro UDS-human fibroblast; In vitro
UDS in rat liver
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: S cerevisiae-homozygosis
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULE
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of
Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year:
47,26992,82
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Diphenyl, 2530
*** END OF RECORD ***