*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : AG6825000
CHEMICAL NAME : Acetic acid, (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 94-75-7
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 1214242
REFERENCE : 4-06-00-00908 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
LAST UPDATED : 199806
DATA ITEMS CITED : 122
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C8-H6-Cl2-O3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 221.04
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : QV1OR BG DG
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Agricultural Chemical
Tumorigen
Mutagen
Reproductive Effector
Human
Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Acide 2,4-dichloro phenoxyacetique
* Acido(2,4-dicloro-fenossi)-acetico
* Acme LV 4
* Agrotect
* Amidox
* Amoxone
* Aqua-Kleen
* Barrage
* BH 2,4-D
* Brush-rhap
* B-Selektonon
* Chipco turf herbicide "D"
* Chloroxone
* Citrus fix
* Crop rider
* 2,4-D
* 2,4-D acid
* Debroussaillant 600
* Deherban
* (2,4-Dichloor-fenoxy)-azijnzuur
* Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
* 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
* Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
* 2,4-Dichlorphenoxyacetic acid
* (2,4-Dichlor-phenoxy)-essigsaeure
* Dicopur
* DMA-4
* Dormone
* 2,4-Dwuchlorofenoksyoctowy kwas
* Emulsamine BK
* Emulsamine E-3
* ENT 8,538
* Envert 171
* Envert DT
* Estone
* Farmco
* Fernimine
* Fernoxone
* Ferxone
* Foredex 75
* Hedonal
* Herbidal
* Hivol-44
* Ipaner
* Kwasu 2,4-dwuchlorofenoksyoctowego
* Kwas 2,4-dwuchlorofenoksyoctowy
* Kyselina 2,4-dichlorfenoxyoctova
* Lawn-keep
* Macrondray
* Miracle
* Moxone
* Netagrone
* Netagrone 600
* NSC 423
* Pennamine
* Pennamine D
* Phenox
* Pielik
* Plantgard
* RCRA waste number U240
* Rhodia
* Spritz-hormin/2,4-D
* Spritz-hormit/2,4-D
* Superormone concentre
* U-5043
* U 46DP
* Vergemaster
* Verton
* Verton D
* Verton 2D
* Vidon 638
* Weed-Ag-Bar
* Weedar-64
* Weedatul
* Weedez Wonder BAR
* Weedone LV4
* Weed-rhap
* Weed TOX
* Weedtrol
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 500 mg/24H
REACTION SEVERITY : Mild
REFERENCE :
28ZPAK "Sbornik Vysledku Toxixologickeho Vysetreni Latek A Pripravku,"
Marhold, J.V., Institut Pro Vychovu Vedoucicn Pracovniku Chemickeho Prumyclu
Praha, Czechoslovakia, 1972 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,279,1972
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 750 ug/24H
REACTION SEVERITY : Severe
REFERENCE :
28ZPAK "Sbornik Vysledku Toxixologickeho Vysetreni Latek A Pripravku,"
Marhold, J.V., Institut Pro Vychovu Vedoucicn Pracovniku Chemickeho Prumyclu
Praha, Czechoslovakia, 1972 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,279,1972
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 2 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - coma
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
REFERENCE :
ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000
Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974- Volume(issue)/page/year:
66,518,1992
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 5714 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - coma
Cardiac - change in rate
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
REFERENCE :
ARTODN Archives of Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Pl. 3, D-1000
Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.32- 1974- Volume(issue)/page/year:
66,518,1992
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 80 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
Behavioral - coma
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
REFERENCE :
ARPAAQ Archives of Pathology. (Chicago, IL) V.5(3)-50(3), 1928-50;
V.70-99, 1960-75. For publisher information, see APLMAS.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 94,270,1972
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 93 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
REFERENCE :
PAREAQ Pharmacological Reviews. (Williams & Wilkins, 428 E. Preston St.,
Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1949- Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,225,1962
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 375 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
FMCHA2 Farm Chemicals Handbook. (Meister Pub., 37841 Euclid Ave.,
Willoughy, OH 44094) Volume(issue)/page/year: -,C174,1991
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 1500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
WRPCA2 World Review of Pest Control. (London, UK) V.1-10, 1962-71.
Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,119,1970
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 666 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory
change
Behavioral - muscle weakness
Behavioral - coma
REFERENCE :
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA)
V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,85,1947
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 347 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
RPZHAW Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny. (Ars Polona, POB 1001, 00-068
Warsaw 1, Poland) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,373,1980
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 125 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
23,288,1972
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - stiffness
Behavioral - coma
REFERENCE :
AEHLAU Archives of Environmental Health. (Heldref Pub., 4000 Albemarle St.,
NW, Washington, DC 20016) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year:
7,202,1963
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
AMPMAR Archives des Maladies Professionnelles de Medecine du Travail et de
Securite Sociale. (SPPIF, B.P.22, F-41353 Vineuil, France) V.7- 1946-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,26,1951
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 1400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - ataxia
Skin and Appendages - primary irritation (after topical exposure)
REFERENCE :
AFDOAQ Quarterly Bulletin--Association of Food and Drug Officials of the
United States. (Denver, CO) V.3-38, 1939-74. Volume(issue)/page/year:
16,3,1952
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory
change
Behavioral - muscle weakness
Behavioral - coma
REFERENCE :
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA)
V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,85,1947
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory
change
Behavioral - muscle weakness
Behavioral - coma
REFERENCE :
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA)
V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,85,1947
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 469 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
AJVRAH American Journal of Veterinary Research. (American Veterinary
Medical Assoc., 930 N. Meacham Rd., Schaumburg, IL 60196) V.1- 1940-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,622,1954
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 666 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory
change
Behavioral - muscle weakness
Behavioral - coma
REFERENCE :
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA)
V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,85,1947
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster
DOSE/DURATION : 500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
48,A192,1979
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - chicken
DOSE/DURATION : 541 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - gastritis
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
Liver - fatty liver degeneration
REFERENCE :
AJVRAH American Journal of Veterinary Research. (American Veterinary
Medical Assoc., 930 N. Meacham Rd., Schaumburg, IL 60196) V.1- 1940-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,622,1954
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION : 375 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
SCIEAS Science. (American Assoc. for the Advancement of Science, 1333 H
St., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1895- Volume(issue)/page/year:
165,465,1969
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 54600 mg/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - changes in liver weight
Endocrine - changes in thyroid weight
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - transaminases
REFERENCE :
FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
33,166,1996
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 13650 mg/kg/13W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
9,423,1987
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 200 mg/kg/5W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - muscle weakness
REFERENCE :
NTOTDY Neurobehavioral Toxicology and Teratology. (Fayetteville, NY) V.3-8,
1981-86. For publisher information, see NETEEC. Volume(issue)/page/year:
5,331,1983
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 54750 mg/kg/1Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - retinal changes (pigmentary
depositions, retinitis, other)
Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
REFERENCE :
TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway,
Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,23,1995
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 91 gm/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure,
acute tubular necrosis)
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight
REFERENCE :
FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
33,166,1996
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 700 mg/kg/90D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - changes in other cell count (unspecified)
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
AMIHBC AMA Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine.
(Chicago, IL) V.2-10, 1950-54. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,61,1953
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 1820 mg/kg/52W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure,
acute tubular necrosis)
Liver - other changes
Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
REFERENCE :
FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,78,1996
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 300 mg/kg/6D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Musculoskeletal - changes in teeth and supporting structures
Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)
Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA)
V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,85,1947
** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 220 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 1-22 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - blood and lymphatic
systems (including spleen and marrow)
REFERENCE :
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O
Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 50(10),76,1985
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 1 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
22,14,1972
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 125 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For
publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,801,1971
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 500 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
REFERENCE :
FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For
publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,801,1971
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 500 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - homeostasis
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
gain)
REFERENCE :
FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For
publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,801,1971
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 1600 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 9-25 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
gain)
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic
REFERENCE :
NETEEC Neurotoxicology and Teratology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.9- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year:
18,691,1996
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 600 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 9-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
gain)
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic
REFERENCE :
NETEEC Neurotoxicology and Teratology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.9- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year:
18,691,1996
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 1 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 15-24 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic
REFERENCE :
NETEEC Neurotoxicology and Teratology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.9- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year:
18,691,1996
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 707 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 11-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
REFERENCE :
AECTCV Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology.
(Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ
070944) V.1- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,33,1977
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 900 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured
before birth)
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures
(e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-160
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 438 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 8-12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
gain)
REFERENCE :
TCMUD8 Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc.,
41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1980- Volume(issue)/page/year:
7,7,1987
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 882 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures
(e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-160
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 900 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-160
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 900 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in
number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)
Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured
before birth)
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB223-160
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster
DOSE : 200 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 7-11 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured
before birth)
REFERENCE :
BECTA6 Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology.
(Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ
07094) V.1- 1966- Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,559,1971
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION : 250 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 204,615,1988
TYPE OF TEST : DNA repair
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION : 5 mg/disc
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB80-133226
TYPE OF TEST : DNA adduct
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Escherichia coli
DOSE/DURATION : 20 umol/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 89,95,1981
TYPE OF TEST : DNA repair
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Bacillus subtilis
DOSE/DURATION : 5 mg/disc
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB80-133226
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Microorganism - not otherwise specified
DOSE/DURATION : 1 gm/L
REFERENCE :
MILEDM Microbios Letters. (Faculty Press, 88 Regent St., Cambridge, UK)
V.1- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,103,1977
TYPE OF TEST : Specific locus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 5 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 319,237,1993
TYPE OF TEST : Specific locus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Multiple routes
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 10 ppb
REFERENCE :
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year:
25,148,1995
TYPE OF TEST : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 25 ppm
REFERENCE :
ECBUDQ Ecological Bulletins. (Editorial Service of FRN, Box 6710, S-11385,
Stockholm, Sweden) No.19- 1975- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,190,1978
TYPE OF TEST : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported
TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster
DOSE/DURATION : 1000 ppm/15D
REFERENCE :
ECBUDQ Ecological Bulletins. (Editorial Service of FRN, Box 6710, S-11385,
Stockholm, Sweden) No.19- 1975- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,182,1978
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Yeast - Saccharomyces cerevisiae
DOSE/DURATION : 150 mg/L
REFERENCE :
ECBUDQ Ecological Bulletins. (Editorial Service of FRN, Box 6710, S-11385,
Stockholm, Sweden) No.19- 1975- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,193,1978
TYPE OF TEST : Gene conversion and mitotic recombination
TEST SYSTEM : Mold - Aspergillus nidulans
DOSE/DURATION : 4 umol/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 204,615,1988
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Fish - salmon Sperm
DOSE/DURATION : 1 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
PYTCAS Phytochemistry. An International Journal of Plant Biochemistry.
(Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1-
1961- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,3135,1972
TYPE OF TEST : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TEST SYSTEM : Human Fibroblast
DOSE/DURATION : 1 umol/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42,161,1977
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 20 ug/L
REFERENCE :
CYGEDX Cytology and Genetics (English Translation). Translation of TGANAK.
(Allerton Press Inc., 150 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10011) V.8- 1974-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8(3),6,1974
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM : Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 10 mg/L
REFERENCE :
JOHEA8 Journal of Heredity. (American Genetic Assoc., 818 18th St., NW,
Washington, DC 20006) V.5- 1914- Volume(issue)/page/year: 73,224,1982
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 100 ug/kg
REFERENCE :
CYTOAN Cytologia. (Japan Pub. Trading Co. (USA), 1255 Howard St., San
Francisco, CA 94103) V.1- 1929- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,275,1987
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 200 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 55,197,1978
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
CYGEDX Cytology and Genetics (English Translation). Translation of TGANAK.
(Allerton Press Inc., 150 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10011) V.8- 1974-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8(3),6,1974
TYPE OF TEST : DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION : 1 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
TOLED5 Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,137,1985
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION : 2400 mg/L
REFERENCE :
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year:
10(Suppl 10),1,1987
TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Ovary
DOSE/DURATION : 167 mg/L
REFERENCE :
EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E.
11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year:
10(Suppl 10),1,1987
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in mammalian somatic cells
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Lung
DOSE/DURATION : 10 umol/L
REFERENCE :
CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland
Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year:
19,369,1977
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM : Mammal - cattle Kidney
DOSE/DURATION : 1 ppm
REFERENCE :
ITCSAF In Vitro. (Rockville, MD) V.1-20, 1965-85. For publisher
information, see ICDBEO. Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,416,1973
TYPE OF TEST : DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM : Mammal - species unspecified Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 1 mmol/L
REFERENCE :
PYTCAS Phytochemistry. An International Journal of Plant Biochemistry.
(Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1-
1961- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,3135,1972
*** REVIEWS ***
ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
ACGIH TLV-TWA 10 mg/m3
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
IARC Cancer Review:Human Limited Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,357,1986
IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,111,1977
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
RREVAH Residue Reviews. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44
Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1962- Volume(issue)/page/year:
59,1,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
DTTIAF Deutsche Tieraerztliche Wochenschrift. (Hanover, Fed. Rep. Ger.)
V.1-77, 1893-1970. Volume(issue)/page/year: 80,485,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
RREVAH Residue Reviews. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44
Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1962- Volume(issue)/page/year:
56,107,1975
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ECMAAI Economie et Medecine Animales. (Paris, France) V.1-17, 1960-76.
Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,141,1973
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
BIOGAL Biologico. (Instituto Biologica, Av. Cons. Rodriques Alves, 1252,
CEP 04014, Sao Paulo, Brazil) V.1- 1935- Volume(issue)/page/year:
40(2),44,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
HYSAAV Hygiene and Sanitation (USSR). English translation of GISAAA.
(Springfield, VA) 1964-71. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year:
31(7-9),383,1966
*** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ***
EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of
Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year:
54,7740,1989
MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 10 mg/m3
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,67,1971
OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 10 mg/m3
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1910.1000,1994
OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 10 mg/m3
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1926.55,1994
OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 10 mg/m3
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1915.1000,1993
OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 10 mg/m3
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
41,50-204.50,1994
*** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-DENMARK:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-FINLAND:TWA 10 mg/m3;STEL 20 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-FRANCE:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993
AOEL-GERMANY:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 1 mg/m3;STEL 2 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-POLAND:TWA 7 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 10 mg/m3;STEL 50 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-THAILAND:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-TURKEY:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 10 mg/m3;STEL 20 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
NIOSH REL TO 2,4-D-air:10H TWA 10 mg/m3
REFERENCE :
NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992
NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
NOHS Hazard Code - 24270
No. of Facilities: 1132 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 6
No. of Occupations: 8
No. of Employees: 6266 (estimated)
NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
NOES Hazard Code - 24270
No. of Facilities: 94 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 1
No. of Occupations: 1
No. of Employees: 471 (estimated)
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: In vivo cytogenetics-nonhuman bone
marrow
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: In vitro cytogenetics-human lymphocyte
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: B subtilis rec assay; E coli polA
without S9
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: V79 cell culture-gene mutation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S cerevisiae gene conversion
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: D melanogaster-whole sex chrom. loss
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: D melanogaster-nondisjunction
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: In vitro UDS-human fibroblast; TRP
reversion
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: S cerevisiae-homozygosis
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat; Mammalian
micronucleus
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: 2,4-D, 5001
NTP Carcinogenesis studies; on test (prechronic studies), October 1997
*** END OF RECORD ***