*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : DD0525000
CHEMICAL NAME : Benzidine, 3,3'-dichloro-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 91-94-1
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 2108022
REFERENCE : 4-13-00-00384 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
LAST UPDATED : 199712
DATA ITEMS CITED : 53
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C12-H10-Cl2-N2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 253.14
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : ZR BG DR DZ CG
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Tumorigen
Mutagen
Reproductive Effector
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* (1,1'-Biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine, 3,3'-dichloro-
* C.I. 23060
* Curithane C126
* 4,4'-Diamino-3,3'-dichlorobiphenyl
* 4,4'-Diamino-3,3'-dichlorodiphenyl
* 3,3'-Dichlorbenzidin
* 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidina
* Dichlorobenzidine
* o,o'-Dichlorobenzidine
* 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
* Dichlorobenzidine base
* 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
* 3,3'-Dichloro-4,4'-biphenyldiamine
* 3,3'-Dichlorobiphenyl-4,4'-diamine
* 3,3'-Dichloro-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl
* 3,3'-Dichloro-4,4'-diamino(1,1-biphenyl)
* RCRA waste number U073
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 17 gm/kg/50W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Blood - tumors
Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
31,159,1975
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 3600 mg/kg/61W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Skin and Appendages - breast
REFERENCE :
VOONAW Voprosy Onkologii. Problems of Oncology. For English translation,
see PONCAU. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-10,
1928-37; V.1- 1955- Volume(issue)/page/year: 21(6),110,1975
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 5100 mg/kg/43W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
REFERENCE :
VOONAW Voprosy Onkologii. Problems of Oncology. For English translation,
see PONCAU. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-10,
1928-37; V.1- 1955- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5(5),524,1959
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 320 mg/kg
female 15-21 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - transplacental tumorigenesis
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
REFERENCE :
BEXBAN Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine (English Translation).
Translation of BEBMAE. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY
10013) V.41- 1956- Volume(issue)/page/year: 78,1402,1974
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 5200 mg/kg/47W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
REFERENCE :
VOONAW Voprosy Onkologii. Problems of Oncology. For English translation,
see PONCAU. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-10,
1928-37; V.1- 1955- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5(5),524,1959
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION : 17 gm/kg/7Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - tumors
REFERENCE :
DUPON* E.I. Dupont de Nemours and Company, Technical Sheet. (1007 Market
St., Wilmington, DE 19898) Volume(issue)/page/year: HL623-74,1974
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster
DOSE/DURATION : 176 gm/kg/70W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Liver - tumors
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - tumors
REFERENCE :
PAACA3 Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research. (Waverly
Press, 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1954-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,78,1969
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 20 gm/kg/52W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Gastrointestinal - tumors
Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
VOONAW Voprosy Onkologii. Problems of Oncology. For English translation,
see PONCAU. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-10,
1928-37; V.1- 1955- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5(5),524,1959
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 21 gm/kg/50W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria
Blood - tumors
Skin and Appendages - tumors
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E.
First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year:
31,159,1975
TYPE OF TEST : TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 7 gm/kg/43W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria
Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
REFERENCE :
VOONAW Voprosy Onkologii. Problems of Oncology. For English translation,
see PONCAU. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-10,
1928-37; V.1- 1955- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5(5),524,1959
** MUTATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION : 50 ug/plate
REFERENCE :
CALEDQ Cancer Letters (Shannon, Ireland). (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland
Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1975- Volume(issue)/page/year:
4,21,1977
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation in microorganisms
TEST SYSTEM : Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION : 10 nmol/plate
REFERENCE :
MUTAEX Mutagenesis. (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road,
Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1986- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,225,1987
TYPE OF TEST : Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TEST SYSTEM : Human HeLa cell
DOSE/DURATION : 100 nmol/L
REFERENCE :
CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut
Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year:
38,2621,1978
TYPE OF TEST : Morphological transformation
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat Embryo
DOSE/DURATION : 5 mg/L
REFERENCE :
JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.1-60,
1940-78. For publisher information, see JJIND8. Volume(issue)/page/year:
51,799,1973
TYPE OF TEST : Body fluid assay
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - rat Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
DOSE/DURATION : 40 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
SAIGBL Sangyo Igaku. Japanese Journal of Industrial Health. (Nippon Sangyo
Eisei Igakkai, Kosu Eisei Bldg., 1-29-8, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160,
Japan) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,426,1981
TYPE OF TEST : Micronucleus test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1 gm/kg
REFERENCE :
MUTAEX Mutagenesis. (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road,
Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1986- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,267,1987
TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 319,19,1993
TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/kg
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE
Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 319,19,1993
TYPE OF TEST : Morphological transformation
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Embryo
DOSE/DURATION : 12500 ug/L
REFERENCE :
AETODY Advances in Modern Environmental Toxicology. (Senate Press, Inc.,
P.O. Box 252, Princeton Junction, NJ 08550) V.1- 1980-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,241,1980
TYPE OF TEST : Morphological transformation
TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Kidney
DOSE/DURATION : 80 ug/L
REFERENCE :
BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills,
Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year:
37,873,1978
TYPE OF TEST : DNA adduct
TEST SYSTEM : Mammal - species unspecified Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION : 25500 nmol/L
REFERENCE :
CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland
Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year:
38,369,1982
*** REVIEWS ***
ACGIH TLV-Animal carcinogen, NO TWA (skin)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,49,1974
IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,239,1982
IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,239,1982
IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B
IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49
Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year:
7,193,1987
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
ADCSAJ Advances in Chemistry Series. (American Chemical Soc., Distribution
Office Dept. 223, POB 57136, West End Stn., Washington, DC 20037) No.1-
1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,271,1970
*** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ***
MSHA STANDARD:skin-HUMAN CARCINOGEN, NO ASSIGNED TWA
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,77,1971
OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):see CFR 29,1910.1007
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1910.1000,1994
OSHA PEL (Construc):see CFR 29,1926.1107
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1926.55,1994
OSHA PEL (Shipyard):see CFR 29,1915.1007
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1915.1000,1993
OSHA-cancer suspect agent
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1910.1007,1987
*** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
OEL-AUSTRALIA;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993
OEL-FRANCE;Carcinogen JAN 1993
OEL-GERMANY;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993
OEL-SWEDEN;Carcinogen JAN 1993
OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993
OEL-SWITZERLAND;Carcinogen JAN 1993
OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
NIOSH REL TO 3,3'-DICHLOROBENZIDINE-air:CA use 29 CFR 1910.1007
REFERENCE :
NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161)
Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
Volume(issue)/page/year: PB/90/171455/AS
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-RLV F344 rat embryo
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-SA7/SHE; Histidine
reversion-Ames test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: In vitro UDS-human fibroblast
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine, 5509
NTP 7th Annual Report on Carcinogens, 1992 : anticipated to be carcinogen
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #ID-65
*** END OF RECORD ***