*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***
RTECS NUMBER : ZE2100000
CHEMICAL NAME : Xylene
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 1330-20-7
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 1901563
REFERENCE : 4-05-00-00951 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
LAST UPDATED : 199712
DATA ITEMS CITED : 85
MOLECULAR FORMULA : C8-H10
MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 106.18
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : 1R X1
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR : Agricultural Chemical
Tumorigen
Mutagen
Reproductive Effector
Human
Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
* Benzene, dimethyl-
* Dimethylbenzene
* Ksylen
* Methyl toluene
* NCI-C55232
* RCRA waste number U239
* Violet 3
* Xiloli
* Xylene
* Xylenen
* Xylol
* Xylole
*** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 200 ppm
REFERENCE :
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA)
V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,282,1943
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 100%
REACTION SEVERITY : Moderate
REFERENCE :
AMIHAB AMA Archives of Industrial Health. (Chicago, IL) V.11-21, 1955-60.
For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,387,1956
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 500 mg/24H
REACTION SEVERITY : Moderate
REFERENCE :
28ZPAK "Sbornik Vysledku Toxixologickeho Vysetreni Latek A Pripravku,"
Marhold, J.V., Institut Pro Vychovu Vedoucicn Pracovniku Chemickeho Prumyclu
Praha, Czechoslovakia, 1972 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,24,1972
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 87 mg
REACTION SEVERITY : Mild
REFERENCE :
AMIHAB AMA Archives of Industrial Health. (Chicago, IL) V.11-21, 1955-60.
For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,387,1956
TYPE OF TEST : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 5 mg/24H
REACTION SEVERITY : Severe
REFERENCE :
28ZPAK "Sbornik Vysledku Toxixologickeho Vysetreni Latek A Pripravku,"
Marhold, J.V., Institut Pro Vychovu Vedoucicn Pracovniku Chemickeho Prumyclu
Praha, Czechoslovakia, 1972 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,24,1972
** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 50 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
YAKUD5 Gekkan Yakuji. Pharmaceuticals Monthly. (Yakugyo Jihosha, Inaoka
Bldg., 2-36 Jinbo-cho, Kanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1959-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,883,1980
TYPE OF TEST : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man
DOSE/DURATION : 10000 ppm/6H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - general anesthetic
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis
Blood - other changes
REFERENCE :
BMJOAE British Medical Journal. (British Medical Assoc., BMA House,
Tavistock Sq., London WC1H 9JR, UK) V.1- 1857- Volume(issue)/page/year:
3,442,1970
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Human
DOSE/DURATION : 200 ppm
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise
specified
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
REFERENCE :
JIHTAB Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA)
V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,282,1943
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 4300 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes
REFERENCE :
AMIHAB AMA Archives of Industrial Health. (Chicago, IL) V.11-21, 1955-60.
For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,387,1956
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 5000 ppm/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NPIRI* Raw Material Data Handbook, Vol.1: Organic Solvents, 1974. (National
Assoc. of Printing Ink Research Institute, Francis McDonald Sinclair
Memorial Laboratory, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA 18015)
Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,123,1974
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 2459 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
ENVRAL Environmental Research. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St.,
Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 40,411,1986
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 1700 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NPIRI* Raw Material Data Handbook, Vol.1: Organic Solvents, 1974. (National
Assoc. of Printing Ink Research Institute, Francis McDonald Sinclair
Memorial Laboratory, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA 18015)
Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,123,1974
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 6 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - tremor
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research
Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206- Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-327,1986
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 1548 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
AGGHAR Archiv fuer Gewerbepathologie und Gewerbehygiene. (Berlin, Ger.)
V.1-18, 1930-61. For publisher information, see IAEHDW.
Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,109,1960
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : >1700 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NPIRI* Raw Material Data Handbook, Vol.1: Organic Solvents, 1974. (National
Assoc. of Printing Ink Research Institute, Francis McDonald Sinclair
Memorial Laboratory, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA 18015)
Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,123,1974
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION : 129 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
HAEMAX Haematologica. (Il Pensiero Scientifico Editore, Via Panama 48,
I-00198, Rome, Italy) V.1- 1920- Volume(issue)/page/year: 58,491,1973
TYPE OF TEST : LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 450 ppm
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
Liver - fatty liver degeneration
REFERENCE :
JIDHAN Journal of Industrial Hygiene. (Cambridge, MA) V.1-17, 1919-35. For
publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,261,1928
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION : 2 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - fatty liver degeneration
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - other transferases
REFERENCE :
AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf
Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year:
35,21,1974
TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION : 4300 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and
Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(10),25,1988
TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION : 30 gm/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and
Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR)
V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI
Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(10),25,1988
TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION : 2 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia
(usually neuromuscular blockage)
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
Behavioral - irritability
REFERENCE :
AJHYA2 American Journal of Hygiene. (Baltimore, MD) V.1-80, 1921-64. For
publisher information, see AJEPAS. Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,276,1927
** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 28 gm/kg/14D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research
Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206- Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-327,1986
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 63 gm/kg/90D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - changes in liver weight
Endocrine - changes in adrenal weight
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
BCTKAG Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna. (Ars Polona, POB 1001, 00-068
Warsaw 1, Poland) V.4- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,187,1988
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 1600 ppm/20H/7D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - general anesthetic
Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count
Related to Chronic Data - death
REFERENCE :
AJHYA2 American Journal of Hygiene. (Baltimore, MD) V.1-80, 1921-64. For
publisher information, see AJEPAS. Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,276,1927
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 15 mg/m3/24H/85D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS
Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count
REFERENCE :
GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O
Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(3),3,1967
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 800 ppm/14H/6W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Ear) - change in acuity
REFERENCE :
JJATDK JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins
Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK) V.1- 1981-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,55,1987
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 300 ppm/6H/18W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation,
etc.)
REFERENCE :
XENOBH Xenobiotica. (Taylor & Francis Ltd., 4 John St., London WC1N 2ET,
UK) V.1- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,435,1980
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 12740 ug/kg/30D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - phosphatases
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - transaminases
REFERENCE :
TIHEEC Toxicology and Industrial Health. (Princeton Scientific Pub. Co.,
POB 2155, Princeton, NJ 08540) V.1- 1985- Volume(issue)/page/year:
9,479,1993
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION : 4128 mg/kg/3D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes
Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue
levels - peptidases
REFERENCE :
NETEEC Neurotoxicology and Teratology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House,
Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.9- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year:
15,51,1993
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION : 28 gm/kg/14D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
REFERENCE :
NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research
Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206- Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-327,1986
** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 250 mg/m3/24H
SEX/DURATION : female 7-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
ATSUDG Archives of Toxicology, Supplement. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.,
Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) No.1- 1978-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,425,1985
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 50 mg/m3/6H
SEX/DURATION : female 1-21 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
REFERENCE :
JHEMA2 Journal of Hygiene, Epidemiology, Microbiology, and Immunology.
(Avicenum, Malostranske namesti 28, 11802 Prague 1, Czechoslovakia) V.1-
1957- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,337,1983
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 50 mg/m3/6H
SEX/DURATION : female 1-21 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental
abnormalities
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
gain)
REFERENCE :
JHEMA2 Journal of Hygiene, Epidemiology, Microbiology, and Immunology.
(Avicenum, Malostranske namesti 28, 11802 Prague 1, Czechoslovakia) V.1-
1957- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,337,1983
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat
DOSE : 200 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION : female 4-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
REFERENCE :
PHTOEH Pharmacology and Toxicology (Copenhagen). (Munksgaard International
Pub., POB 2148, DK-1016 Copenhagen K, Denmark) V.60- 1987-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 73,20,1993
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 20600 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial
(including nose and tongue)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub.,
1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,97,1982
TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 31 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or
resorbed implants per total number of implants)
REFERENCE :
JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub.,
1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,97,1982
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 4000 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION : female 6-12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight
gain)
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - physical
REFERENCE :
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 28,22A,1983
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 2000 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION : female 6-12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
TJADAB Teratology, The International Journal of Abnormal Development. (Alan
R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1968-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 28,22A,1983
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse
DOSE : 1 gm/m3/12H
SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
REFERENCE :
ATSUDG Archives of Toxicology, Supplement. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.,
Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) No.1- 1978-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,425,1985
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE : 500 mg/m3/24H
SEX/DURATION : female 7-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death,
e.g., stunted fetus)
REFERENCE :
ATSUDG Archives of Toxicology, Supplement. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.,
Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) No.1- 1978-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,425,1985
TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE : 1 gm/m3/24H
SEX/DURATION : female 7-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - abortion
REFERENCE :
ATSUDG Archives of Toxicology, Supplement. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.,
Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) No.1- 1978-
Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,425,1985
*** REVIEWS ***
ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
ACGIH TLV-STEL 651 mg/m3 (150 ppm)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
ACGIH TLV-TWA 434 mg/m3 (100 ppm)
DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices
(BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year:
TLV/BEI,1997
IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 47,125,1989
IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 47,125,1989
IARC Cancer Review:Group 3
IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals
to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210)
V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 47,125,1989
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW
DCTODJ Drug and Chemical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New
York, NY 10016) V.1- 1977/78- Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,281,1985
*** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ***
EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of
Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year:
54,7740,1989
OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1910.1000,1994
OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1926.55,1994
OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
29,1915.1000,1993
OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3)
CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt.
of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year:
41,50-204.50,1994
*** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS ***
OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.5 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 80 ppm (330 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm (655 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 100 ppm (434 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm (651 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-DENMARK:TWA 50 ppm (217 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
OEL-FINLAND:TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm;Skin JAN 1993
OEL-FRANCE:TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm (650 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-GERMANY:TWA 100 ppm (440 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 100 mg/m3;STEL 300 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-JAPAN:TWA 100 ppm (430 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-POLAND:TWA 100 mg/m3 JAN 1993
OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 50 ppm (200 mg/m3);STEL 100 ppm (450 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993
OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 100 ppm (436 mg/m3);STEL 200 ppm (870 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-THAILAND:TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-TURKEY:TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) JAN 1993
OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm;Skin JAN 1993
OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV
OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
*** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA ***
NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) :
NIOSH REL TO XYLENE, isomers-air:10H TWA 100 ppm;STEL 150 ppm
REFERENCE :
NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of
Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda.
Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992
NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA :
NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974)
NOHS Hazard Code - 76720
No. of Facilities: 99920 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 367
No. of Occupations: 193
No. of Employees: 1016020 (estimated)
NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983)
NOES Hazard Code - 76720
No. of Facilities: 139914 (estimated)
No. of Industries: 401
No. of Occupations: 230
No. of Employees: 2145039 (estimated)
No. of Female Employees: 408656 (estimated)
*** STATUS IN U.S. ***
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: In vitro SCE-human lymphocytes; In vitro
SCE-human
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULE
FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of
Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year:
47,26992,82
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Risk Notification, 8EHQ-0892-9180;8EHQ-0892-9184
On EPA IRIS database
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JUNE 1998
NTP CARCINOGENESIS STUDIES (GAVAGE);NO EVIDENCE:MOUSE, RAT
NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research
Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206- Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR-327,1986
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Hydrocarbons, aromatic, 1501
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1996: Volatile organic compound, 2549
*** END OF RECORD ***