*** CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION ***

RTECS NUMBER            : YX3991700
CHEMICAL NAME           : Venom, snake, Naja naja atra
LAST UPDATED            : 199109
DATA ITEMS CITED        : 32
COMPOUND DESCRIPTOR     : Natural Product
                          Primary Irritant
SYNONYMS/TRADE NAMES :
   * Naja naja atra venom
 
                       *** HEALTH HAZARD DATA ***
 
                      ** SKIN/EYE IRRITATION DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 5 ug
REACTION SEVERITY       : Severe
REFERENCE :
   KTHYAC Kuo Li Tai-Wan Ta Hsueh I Hsueh Yuan Yen Chiu Pao Kao.  Memoirs of
   the College of Medicine of the National Taiwan University. (Kuo Li Tai-wan
   Ta Hsueh I Hsueh Yuan, Taipei, Taiwan)  1947-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   1,200,1951
 
                        ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 700 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   30FDAB "Neuropoisons: Their Pathophysiological Actions, 1971-1974," Simpson,
   L.L., and D.R. Curtis, eds., New York, Plenum Pub. Corp., 1974
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,21,1971
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 200 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Cardiac - other changes
REFERENCE :
   TOXIA6 Toxicon.  (Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 OBW,
   UK)  V.1-    1962-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,233,1986
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION           : 600 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85ITAQ "Collected Papers on Snake Venoms: Contributions from the
   Pharmacological Institute, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,
   China, 1948-1973," Lee, C.Y., et al., eds., Taipei, National Taiwan Univ.,
   1974  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,129,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 74 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory
   change
   Behavioral - stiffness
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
REFERENCE :
   NTIS** National Technical Information Service.  (Springfield, VA 22161)
   Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information.
   Volume(issue)/page/year: AD-A955-164
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 280 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   TOXIA6 Toxicon.  (Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 OBW,
   UK)  V.1-    1962-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,47,1967
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 264 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - muscle weakness
   Behavioral - ataxia
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
   TOXIA6 Toxicon.  (Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 OBW,
   UK)  V.1-    1962-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,51,1970
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 670 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   TOXIA6 Toxicon.  (Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 OBW,
   UK)  V.1-    1962-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,89,1969
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION           : 670 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85ITAQ "Collected Papers on Snake Venoms: Contributions from the
   Pharmacological Institute, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,
   China, 1948-1973," Lee, C.Y., et al., eds., Taipei, National Taiwan Univ.,
   1974  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,129,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION           : 600 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   30FDAB "Neuropoisons: Their Pathophysiological Actions, 1971-1974," Simpson,
   L.L., and D.R. Curtis, eds., New York, Plenum Pub. Corp., 1974
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,21,1971
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION           : 500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85ITAQ "Collected Papers on Snake Venoms: Contributions from the
   Pharmacological Institute, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,
   China, 1948-1973," Lee, C.Y., et al., eds., Taipei, National Taiwan Univ.,
   1974  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,129,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Primate - monkey
DOSE/DURATION           : 400 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   30FDAB "Neuropoisons: Their Pathophysiological Actions, 1971-1974," Simpson,
   L.L., and D.R. Curtis, eds., New York, Plenum Pub. Corp., 1974
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,21,1971
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Primate - monkey
DOSE/DURATION           : 350 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85ITAQ "Collected Papers on Snake Venoms: Contributions from the
   Pharmacological Institute, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,
   China, 1948-1973," Lee, C.Y., et al., eds., Taipei, National Taiwan Univ.,
   1974  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,129,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION           : 25 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   30FDAB "Neuropoisons: Their Pathophysiological Actions, 1971-1974," Simpson,
   L.L., and D.R. Curtis, eds., New York, Plenum Pub. Corp., 1974
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,21,1971
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION           : 1 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   30FDAB "Neuropoisons: Their Pathophysiological Actions, 1971-1974," Simpson,
   L.L., and D.R. Curtis, eds., New York, Plenum Pub. Corp., 1974
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,21,1971
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intracerebral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   30FDAB "Neuropoisons: Their Pathophysiological Actions, 1971-1974," Simpson,
   L.L., and D.R. Curtis, eds., New York, Plenum Pub. Corp., 1974
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,21,1971
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION           : 22500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85ITAQ "Collected Papers on Snake Venoms: Contributions from the
   Pharmacological Institute, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,
   China, 1948-1973," Lee, C.Y., et al., eds., Taipei, National Taiwan Univ.,
   1974  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,129,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 350 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   30FDAB "Neuropoisons: Their Pathophysiological Actions, 1971-1974," Simpson,
   L.L., and D.R. Curtis, eds., New York, Plenum Pub. Corp., 1974
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,21,1971
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   30FDAB "Neuropoisons: Their Pathophysiological Actions, 1971-1974," Simpson,
   L.L., and D.R. Curtis, eds., New York, Plenum Pub. Corp., 1974
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,21,1971
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intracerebral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 12500 ng/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - muscle weakness
   Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
   Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease
REFERENCE :
   KTHYAC Kuo Li Tai-Wan Ta Hsueh I Hsueh Yuan Yen Chiu Pao Kao.  Memoirs of
   the College of Medicine of the National Taiwan University. (Kuo Li Tai-wan
   Ta Hsueh I Hsueh Yuan, Taipei, Taiwan)  1947-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   2,170,1952
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION           : 300 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85ITAQ "Collected Papers on Snake Venoms: Contributions from the
   Pharmacological Institute, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,
   China, 1948-1973," Lee, C.Y., et al., eds., Taipei, National Taiwan Univ.,
   1974  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,129,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION           : 150 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   30FDAB "Neuropoisons: Their Pathophysiological Actions, 1971-1974," Simpson,
   L.L., and D.R. Curtis, eds., New York, Plenum Pub. Corp., 1974
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,21,1971
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION           : 150 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   30FDAB "Neuropoisons: Their Pathophysiological Actions, 1971-1974," Simpson,
   L.L., and D.R. Curtis, eds., New York, Plenum Pub. Corp., 1974
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,21,1971
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Bird - pigeon
DOSE/DURATION           : 400 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   30FDAB "Neuropoisons: Their Pathophysiological Actions, 1971-1974," Simpson,
   L.L., and D.R. Curtis, eds., New York, Plenum Pub. Corp., 1974
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,21,1971
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Bird - pigeon
DOSE/DURATION           : 430 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   TOXIA6 Toxicon.  (Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 OBW,
   UK)  V.1-    1962-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,89,1969
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Bird - pigeon
DOSE/DURATION           : 400 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85ITAQ "Collected Papers on Snake Venoms: Contributions from the
   Pharmacological Institute, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,
   China, 1948-1973," Lee, C.Y., et al., eds., Taipei, National Taiwan Univ.,
   1974  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,129,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Bird - chicken
DOSE/DURATION           : 400 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   30FDAB "Neuropoisons: Their Pathophysiological Actions, 1971-1974," Simpson,
   L.L., and D.R. Curtis, eds., New York, Plenum Pub. Corp., 1974
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,21,1971
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Bird - chicken
DOSE/DURATION           : 280 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   TOXIA6 Toxicon.  (Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 OBW,
   UK)  V.1-    1962-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,89,1969
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Bird - chicken
DOSE/DURATION           : 280 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   85ITAQ "Collected Papers on Snake Venoms: Contributions from the
   Pharmacological Institute, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,
   China, 1948-1973," Lee, C.Y., et al., eds., Taipei, National Taiwan Univ.,
   1974  Volume(issue)/page/year: -,129,1974
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Amphibian - frog
DOSE/DURATION           : 40 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   30FDAB "Neuropoisons: Their Pathophysiological Actions, 1971-1974," Simpson,
   L.L., and D.R. Curtis, eds., New York, Plenum Pub. Corp., 1974
   Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,21,1971
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Amphibian - frog
DOSE/DURATION           : 100 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Behavioral - muscle weakness
REFERENCE :
   KTHYAC Kuo Li Tai-Wan Ta Hsueh I Hsueh Yuan Yen Chiu Pao Kao.  Memoirs of
   the College of Medicine of the National Taiwan University. (Kuo Li Tai-wan
   Ta Hsueh I Hsueh Yuan, Taipei, Taiwan)  1947-  Volume(issue)/page/year:
   1,200,1951
 
TYPE OF TEST            : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE       : Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED        : Bird - wild bird species
DOSE/DURATION           : 700 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
   Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
   TOXIA6 Toxicon.  (Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 OBW,
   UK)  V.1-    1962-  Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,89,1969
 
                            *** END OF RECORD ***