The reaction of (R)-2-phenyloxirane (I) with ammonia in ethanol gives 2-amino-1(R)-phenylethanol (II), which is condensed with 4'-chlorobiphenyl-4-carboxylic acid (III) by means of isobutyl chloroformate and TEA in DMF yielding the amide (IV). The cyclization of (IV) by means of methanesulfonic anhydride in pyridine affords the oxazoline (V), which is finally condensed with imidazole by heating at 120 C.

The esterification of 2(S)-amino-2-phenylethanol (VII) with hot sulfuric acid gives the expected O-sulfate (VIII), which by treatment with hot aqueous NaOH yields the aziridine (IX). The condensation of (IX) with imidazole (VI) by heating at 120 C affords 2(R)-(1-imidazolyl)-2-phenylethan-1-amine (X). Finally, this compound is condensed with 4'-chlorobiphenyl-4-thiocarboxylic acid 2-pyridylthioester in DMF.

The reaction of bromobenzene (I) with 14CO2 by means of Mg in ether gives the corresponding benzoic acid (II), which is treated with SOCl2 and DMAP to yield the benzoyl chloride (III). The homologation of (III) with diazomethane in ether affords the phenacyl chloride (IV), which is enantioselectively reduced with borane and a chiral borolidine catalyst in THF to give (R)-2-chloro-1-phenylethanol (V). The cyclization of (V) by means of NaOH in ethyl ether yields the oxirane (VI), which by reaction with ammonia is converted into the (R)-2-amino-1-phenylethanol (VII). The condensation of (VII) with 4'-chlorobiphenyl-4-carboxylic acid (VIII) by means of CDI in DMF provides the amide (IX), which is cyclized to the oxazoline (X) by means of methanesulfonic anhydride and TEA in THF. Finally, this compound is condensed with imidazole (XI) by heating at 125 C.