Chromatographic Columns
The following list of packings (L), phases (G), and supports (S) is intended to be a convenient reference for the chromatographer. [NoteParticle sizes given in this listing are those generally provided. Where other, usually finer, sizes are required, the individual monograph specifies the desired particle size. Within any category of packings or phases listed below, there may be a wide range of columns available. Where it is necessary to define more specifically the chromatographic conditions, the individual monograph so indicates. ]
Packings
Change to read:
L1
Octadecyl silane chemically bonded to porous or nonporousUSP35 silica or ceramic microparticles, 1.5 to 10 µm in diameter, or a monolithic silica rod.
L2
Octadecyl silane chemically bonded to silica gel of a controlled surface porosity that has been bonded to a solid spherical core, 30 to 50 µm in diameter.
L3
Porous silica particles, 1.5 to 10 µm in diameter, or a monolithic silica rod.
L4
Silica gel of controlled surface porosity bonded to a solid spherical core, 30 to 50 µm in diameter.
L5
Alumina of controlled surface porosity bonded to a solid spherical core, 30 to 50 µm in diameter.
L6
Strong cation-exchange packingsulfonated fluorocarbon polymer coated on a solid spherical core, 30 to 50 µm in diameter.
L7
Octylsilane chemically bonded to totally porous silica particles, 1.5 to 10 µm in diameter, or a monolithic silica rod.
L8
An essentially monomolecular layer of aminopropylsilane chemically bonded to totally porous silica gel support, 3 to 10 µm in diameter.
L9
Irregular or spherical, totally porous silica gel having a chemically bonded, strongly acidic cation-exchange coating, 3 to 10 µm in diameter.
L10
Nitrile groups chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter.
L11
Phenyl groups chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 1.5 to 10 µm in diameter.
L12
A strong anion-exchange packing made by chemically bonding a quaternary amine to a solid silica spherical core, 30 to 50 µm in diameter.
L13
Trimethylsilane chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter.
L14
Silica gel having a chemically bonded, strongly basic quaternary ammonium anion-exchange coating, 5 to 10 µm in diameter.
L15
Hexylsilane chemically bonded to totally porous silica particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter.
L16
Dimethylsilane chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 5 to 10 µm in diameter.
Change to read:
L17
Strong cation-exchange resin consisting of sulfonated cross-linked styrenedivinylbenzene copolymer in the hydrogen form, 6 to 12 µmUSP35 in diameter.
L18
Amino and cyano groups chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter.
L19
Strong cation-exchange resin consisting of sulfonated cross-linked styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer in the calcium form, about 9 µm in diameter.
Change to read:
L20
Dihydroxypropane groups chemically bonded to porous silica or hybridUSP35 particles, 1.5 to 10 µmUSP35 in diameter.
L21
A rigid, spherical styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer 3 to 10 µm in diameter.
L22
A cation-exchange resin made of porous polystyrene gel with sulfonic acid groups, about 10 µm in size.
Change to read:
L23
An anion-exchange resin made of porous polymethacrylate or polyacrylate gel with quaternary ammonium groups, 712USP35 µm in size.
L24
A semi-rigid hydrophilic gel consisting of vinyl polymers with numerous hydroxyl groups on the matrix surface, 32 to 63 µm in diameter. [NoteAvailable as YMC-Pack PVA-SIL manufactured by YMC Co., Ltd. and distributed by Waters Corp. (www.waters.com). ]
L25
Packing having the capacity to separate compounds with a molecular weight range from 1005000 (as determined by polyethylene oxide), applied to neutral, anionic, and cationic water-soluble polymers. A polymethacrylate resin base, cross-linked with polyhydroxylated ether (surface contained some residual carboxyl functional groups) was found suitable.
L26
Butyl silane chemically bonded to totally porous silica particles, 1.5 to 10 µm in diameter.
L27
Porous silica particles, 30 to 50 µm in diameter.
L28
A multifunctional support, which consists of a high purity, 100 , spherical silica substrate that has been bonded with anionic exchanger, amine functionality in addition to a conventional reversed phase C8 functionality.
L29
Gamma alumina, reverse-phase, low carbon percentage by weight, alumina-based polybutadiene spherical particles, 5 µm in diameter with a pore volume of 80 .
L30
Ethyl silane chemically bonded to totally porous silica particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter.
L31
A hydroxide-selective, strong anion-exchange resin-quaternary amine bonded on latex particles attached to a core of 8.5-µm macroporous particles having a pore size of 2000 and consisting of ethylvinylbenzene cross-linked with 55% divinylbenzene.
L32
A chiral ligand-exchange packingl-proline copper complex covalently bonded to irregularly shaped silica particles, 5 to 10 µm in diameter.
L33
Packing having the capacity to separate dextrans by molecular size over a range of 4,000 to 500,000 Da. It is spherical, silica-based, and processed to provide pH stability. [NoteAvailable as TSK-GEL G4000SWxl from Tosoh Bioscience (www.tosohbioscience.com). ]
Change to read:
L34
Strong cation-exchange resin consisting of sulfonated cross-linked styrenedivinylbenzene copolymer in the lead form, 7 to 9 µmUSP35 in diameter.
L35
A zirconium-stabilized spherical silica packing with a hydrophilic (diol-type) molecular monolayer bonded phase having a pore size of 150 .
L36
A 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl derivative of l-phenylglycine covalently bonded to 5-µm aminopropyl silica.
L37
Packing having the capacity to separate proteins by molecular size over a range of 2,000 to 40,000 Da. It is a polymethacrylate gel.
L38
A methacrylate-based size-exclusion packing for water-soluble samples.
L39
A hydrophilic polyhydroxymethacrylate gel of totally porous spherical resin.
L40
Cellulose tris-3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate coated porous silica particles, 5 to 20 µm in diameter.
L41
Immobilized 1-acid glycoprotein on spherical silica particles, 5 µm in diameter.
L42
Octylsilane and octadecylsilane groups chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 5 µm in diameter.
L43
Pentafluorophenyl groups chemically bonded to silica particles by a propyl spacer, 5 to 10 µm in diameter.
L44
A multifunctional support, which consists of a high purity, 60 , spherical silica substrate that has been bonded with a cationic exchanger, sulfonic acid functionality in addition to a conventional reversed phase C8 functionality.
L45
Beta cyclodextrin bonded to porous silica particles, 5 to 10 µm in diameter.
L46
Polystyrene/divinylbenzene substrate agglomerated with quaternary amine functionalized latex beads, about 9 to 11 µm in diameter.
L47
High-capacity anion-exchange microporous substrate, fully functionalized with trimethlyamine groups, 8 µm in diameter. [NoteAvailable as CarboPac MA1 and distributed by Dionex Corp. (www.dionex.com). ]
L48
Sulfonated, cross-linked polystyrene with an outer layer of submicron, porous, anion-exchange microbeads, 10 to 15 µm in diameter.
L49
A reversed-phase packing made by coating a thin layer of polybutadiene onto spherical porous zirconia particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter. [NoteAvailable as Zirchrom PBD from www.zirchrom.com. ]
L50
Multifunction resin with reversed-phase retention and strong anion-exchange functionalities. The resin consists of ethylvinylbenzene, 55% cross-linked with divinylbenzene copolymer, 3 to 15 µm in diameter, and a surface area not less than 350 m2 per g. Substrate is coated with quaternary ammonium functionalized latex particles consisting of styrene cross-linked with divinylbenzene. [NoteAvailable as OmniPac PAX-500 and distributed by Dionex Corp. (www.dionex.com). ]
L51
Amylose tris-3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate-coated, porous, spherical, silica particles, 5 to 10 µm in diameter. [NoteAvailable as Chiralpak AD from Chiral Technologies, Inc., (www.chiraltech.com). ]
L52
A strong cation-exchange resin made of porous silica with sulfopropyl groups, 5 to 10 µm in diameter. [NoteAvailable as TSK-GEL IC-Cation-SW from Tosoh Bioscience (www.tosohbioscience.com). ]
L53
Weak cation-exchange resin consisting of ethylvinylbenzene, 55% cross-linked with divinylbenzene copolymer, 3 to 15 µm diameter. Substrate is surface grafted with carboxylic acid and/or phosphoric acid functionalized monomers. Capacity not less than 500 µEq/column. [NoteAvailable as IonPac CS14 distributed by Dionex Corp. (www.dionex.com). ]
L54
A size exclusion medium made of covalent bonding of dextran to highly cross-linked porous agarose beads, about 13 µm in diameter.
[NoteAvailable as Superdex Peptide HR 10/30 from www.gelifesciences.com. ]
L55
A strong cation-exchange resin made of porous silica coated with polybutadienemaleic acid copolymer, about 5 µm in diameter. [NoteAvailable as IC-Pak C M/D from Waters Corp. (www.waters.com). ]
L56
Propyl silane chemically bonded to totally porous silica particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter. [NoteAvailable as Zorbax SB-C3 from Agilent Technologies (www.agilent.com/chem). ]
L57
A chiral-recognition protein, ovomucoid, chemically bonded to silica particles, about 5 µm in diameter, with a pore size of 120 . [NoteAvailable as Ultron ES-OVM from Agilent Technologies (www.agilent.com/chem). ]
L58
Strong cation-exchange resin consisting of sulfonated cross-linked styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer in the sodium form, about 6 to 30 µm in diameter. [NoteAvailable as Aminex HPX-87N from Bio-Rad Laboratories, (2000/01 catalog, #125-0143) www.bio-rad.com. ]
Change to read:
L59
Packing for the size-exclusion separation of proteins (separation by molecular weight) over the range of 5 to 7000 kDa. The packing is a spherical 1.5- to 10-µm silica or hybrid packing with a hydrophilic coating.USP35
L60
Spherical, porous silica gel, 10 µm or less in diameter, the surface of which has been covalently modified with alkyl amide groups and endcapped. [NoteAvailable as Supelcosil LC-ABZ from Supelco (www.sigmaaldrich.com/supelco). ]
L61
A hydroxide selective strong anion-exchange resin consisting of a highly cross-linked core of 13-µm microporous particles having a pore size less than 10 units and consisting of ethylvinylbenzene cross-linked with 55% divinylbenzene with a latex coating composed of 85-nm diameter microbeads bonded with alkanol quaternary ammonium ions (6%). [NoteAvailable as Ion Pac AS-11 and AG-11 from Dionex (www.dionex.com). ]
L62
C30 silane bonded phase on a fully porous spherical silica, 3 to 15 µm in diameter.
L63
Glycopeptide teicoplanin linked through multiple covalent bonds to a 100- units spherical silica. [NoteAvailable as Astec Chirobiotic T from Supelco (www.sigmaaldrich.com). ]
L64
Strongly basic anion-exchange resin consisting of 8% cross-linked styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer with a quaternary ammonium group in the chloride form, 45 to 180 µm in diameter. [NoteA suitable grade is available as AG 1-X8 resin chloride form from www.discover.bio-rad.com. ]
L65
Strongly acidic cation-exchange resin consisting of 8% sulfonated cross-linked styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer with a sulfonic acid group in the hydrogen form, 45 to 250 µm in diameter. [NoteA suitable grade is available as AG 50W-X2 resin hydrogen form from www.discover.bio-rad.com. ]
L66
A crown ether coated on a 5-µm particle size silica gel substrate. The active site is (S)-18-crown-6-ether. [NoteAvailable as Crownpak CR(+) from Daicel (www.daicel.com). ]
L67
Porous vinyl alcohol copolymer with a C18 alkyl group attached to the hydroxyl group of the polymer, 2 to 10 µm in diameter. [NoteAvailable as apHera C18 from Supelco (www.sigmaaldrich.com). ]
L68
Spherical, porous silica, 10 µm or less in diameter, the surface of which has been covalently modified with alkyl amide groups and not endcapped. [NoteAvailable as SUPELCOSIL SUPLEX pKb-100 from Supelco (www.sigmaaldrich.com). ]
L69
Ethylvinylbenzene/divinylbenzene substrate agglomerated with quaternary amine functionalized 130-nm latex beads, about 6.5 µm in diameter. [NoteAvailable as CarboPac PA20 from www.dionex.com. ]
L70
Cellulose tris(phenyl carbamate) coated on 5-µm silica. [NoteAvailable as Chiralcel OC-H from www.chiraltech.com. ]
L71
A rigid, spherical polymetacrylate, 4 to 6 µm in diameter. [NoteAvailable as RSpak DE-613 from www.shodex.com. ]
L72
(R)-phenylglycine and 3,5-dinitroanaline urea linkage covalently bonded to silica. [NoteAvailable as Sumichiral OA-3300, distributed by www.phenomenex.com. ]
L73
A rigid spherical polydivinylbenzene particle, 5 to 10 µm in diameter. [NoteAvailable as Jordi-Gel DBV from www.jordiflp.com. ]
L74
a strong anion-exchange resin consisting of a highly cross-linked core of 7- µm macroporous particles having a 100- average pore size and consisting of ethylvinylbenzene cross-linked with 55% divinylbenzene and an anion-exchange layer grafted to the surface, which is functionalized with alkyl quaternary ammonium ions. [NoteAvailable as IonPac AS14A from Dionex (www.dionex.com). [NoteAvailable as IonPac AS14A from Dionex (www.dionex.com). ] ]
L75
A chiral-recognition protein, bovine serum albumine (BSA), chemically bonded to silica particles, about 7 µm in diameter, with a pore size of 300 .
Phases
G1
Dimethylpolysiloxane oil.
G2
Dimethylpolysiloxane gum.
G3
50% Phenyl-50% methylpolysiloxane.
G4
Diethylene glycol succinate polyester.
G5
3-Cyanopropylpolysiloxane.
G6
Trifluoropropylmethylpolysiloxane.
G7
50% 3-Cyanopropyl-50% phenylmethylsilicone.
G8
80% Bis(3-cyanopropyl)-20% 3-cyanopropylphenylpoly-siloxane (percentages refer to molar substitution).
G9
Methylvinylpolysiloxane.
G10
Polyamide formed by reacting a C36 dicarboxylic acid with 1,3-di-4-piperidylpropane and piperidine in the respective mole ratios of 1.00:0.90:0.20.
G11
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate polyester.
G12
Phenyldiethanolamine succinate polyester.
G13
Sorbitol.
G14
Polyethylene glycol (av. mol. wt. of 950 to 1050).
G15
Polyethylene glycol (av. mol. wt. of 3000 to 3700).
G16
Polyethylene glycol compound (av. mol. wt. about 15,000). A high molecular weight compound of polyethylene glycol with a diepoxide linker. [NoteAvailable commercially as Polyethylene Glycol Compound 20M, or as Carbowax 20M, from suppliers of chromatographic reagents. ]
G17
75% Phenyl-25% methylpolysiloxane.
G18
Polyalkylene glycol.
G19
25% Phenyl-25% cyanopropyl-50% methylsilicone.
G20
Polyethylene glycol (av. mol. wt. of 380 to 420).
G21
Neopentyl glycol succinate.
G22
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate.
G23
Polyethylene glycol adipate.
G24
Diisodecyl phthalate.
G25
Polyethylene glycol compound TPA. A high molecular weight compound of a polyethylene glycol and a diepoxide that is esterified with terephthalic acid.
[NoteAvailable commercially as Carbowax 20M-TPA from suppliers of chromatographic reagents. ]
G26
25% 2-Cyanoethyl-75% methylpolysiloxane.
G27
5% Phenyl-95% methylpolysiloxane.
G28
25% Phenyl-75% methylpolysiloxane.
G29
3,3¢-Thiodipropionitrile.
G30
Tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether.
G31
Nonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)ethanol (av. ethyleneoxy chain length is 30); Nonoxynol 30.
G32
20% Phenylmethyl-80% dimethylpolysiloxane.
G33
20% Carborane-80% methylsilicone.
G34
Diethylene glycol succinate polyester stabilized with phosphoric acid.
G35
A high molecular weight compound of a polyethylene glycol and a diepoxide that is esterified with nitroterephthalic acid.
G36
1% Vinyl-5% phenylmethylpolysiloxane.
G37
Polyimide.
G38
Phase G1 containing a small percentage of a tailing inhibitor.
[NoteA suitable grade is available commercially as SP2100/0.1% Carbowax 1500 from Supelco, Inc. (www.sigmaaldrich.com/supelco). ]
G39
Polyethylene glycol (av. mol. wt. about 1500).
G40
Ethylene glycol adipate.
G41
Phenylmethyldimethylsilicone (10% phenyl-substituted).
G42
35% phenyl-65% dimethylpolysiloxane (percentages refer to molar substitution).
G43
6% cyanopropylphenyl-94% dimethylpolysiloxane (percentages refer to molar substitution).
G44
2% low molecular weight petrolatum hydrocarbon grease and 1% solution of potassium hydroxide.
G45
Divinylbenzene-ethylene glycol-dimethylacrylate.
G46
14% Cyanopropylphenyl-86% methylpolysiloxane.
G47
Polyethylene glycol (av. mol. wt. of about 8000).
G48
Highly polar, partially cross-linked cyanopolysiloxane.
Supports
[NoteUnless otherwise specified, mesh sizes of 80 to 100 or, alternatively, 100 to 120 are intended. ]
S1A
Siliceous earth for gas chromatography has been flux-calcined by mixing diatomite with Na2CO3 flux and calcining above 900. The siliceous earth is acid-washed, then water-washed until neutral, but not base-washed. The siliceous earth may be silanized by treating with an agent such as dimethyldichlorosilane [NoteUnless otherwise specified in the individual monograph, silanized support is intended. ] to mask surface silanol groups.
S1AB
The siliceous earth as described above is both acid- and base-washed. [NoteUnless otherwise specified in the individual monograph, silanized support is intended. ]
S1C
A support prepared from crushed firebrick and calcined or burned with a clay binder above 900 with subsequent acid-wash. It may be silanized.
S1NS
The siliceous earth is untreated.
S2
Styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer having a nominal surface area of less than 50 m2 per g and an average pore diameter of 0.3 to 0.4 µm.
S3
Copolymer of ethylvinylbenzene and divinylbenzene having a nominal surface area of 500 to 600 m2 per g and an average pore diameter of 0.0075 µm.
S4
Styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer with aromatic O and N groups, having a nominal surface area of 400 to 600 m2 per g and an average pore diameter of 0.0076 µm.
S5
40- to 60-mesh, high-molecular weight tetrafluorethylene polymer.
S6
Styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer having a nominal surface area of 250 to 350 m2 per g and an average pore diameter of 0.0091 µm.
S7
Graphitized carbon having a nominal surface area of 12 m2 per g.
S8
Copolymer of 4-vinyl-pyridine and styrene-divinylbenzene.
S9
A porous polymer based on 2,6-diphenyl-p-phenylene oxide.
S10
A highly polar cross-linked copolymer of acrylonitrite and divinylbenzene.
S11
Graphitized carbon having a nominal surface area of 100 m2 per g modified with small amounts of petrolatum and polyethylene glycol compound.
S12
Graphitized carbon having a nominal surface area of 100 m2 per g.
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