Biginelli Reaction

P. Biginelli, Ber. 24, 1317, 2962 (1891); 26, 447 (1893).

Synthesis of tetrahydropyrimidinones by the acid-catalyzed condensation of an aldehyde, a β-keto ester and urea:

H. E. Zaugg, W. B. Martin, Org. React. 14, 88 (1965); D. J. Brown, The Pyrimidines (Wiley, New York, 1962) p 440; ibid., Suppl. I, 1970, p 326, F. Sweet, Y. Fissekis, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 95, 8741 (1973). Synthetic applications: M. V. Fernandez et al., Heterocycles 27, 2133 (1988); K. Singh et al., Tetrahedron 55, 12873 (1999); A. S. Franklin et al., J. Org. Chem. 64, 1512 (1999). Modified conditions: C. O. Kappe et al., Synthesis 1999, 1799; J. Lu, H. Ma. Synlett 2000, 63. Use of cycloalkanones as starting material: Y.-L. Zhu et al., Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2005, 2354.