Helferich Method

B. Helferich, E. Schmitz-Hillebrecht, Ber. 66, 378 (1933).

Glycosidation of an acetylated sugar by heating with a phenol in the presence of a metal halide (ZnCl2, FeCl3) or p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst:

W. W. Pigman, R. M. Goepp, Chemistry of the Carbohydrates (New York, 1948) p 194; W. W. Pigman, The Carbohydrates (New York, 1957) p 198; B. Helferich, J. Zirner, Ber. 96, 385 (1963); A. Piskala et al., Nucleic Acid Chem. 1, 455 (1978). Applications: R. Polt et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114, 10249 (1992); P. Kosma et al., Carbohydr. Res. 254, 105 (1994); D. A. Leigh et al., ibid. 276, 417 (1995); V. Křen et al., J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1 1997, 2467.